Androgens have been shown to affect cognitive aspects of spatial memory. Testosterone which is the most important androgen, plays a role in the organization of behavior during development. Also, it has been shown that androgens cause sex related differences in learning and memory especially during neonatal period. In the current study, we assessed the effects of castration and testosterone ena...

Rats trained in a two-lever Skinner box to obtain food by leverpressing were given either a unilateral 6-0HDA lesion of the nigrostriatal bundle on the same side as or on the side opposite to the preferred forepaw or a control treatment, and were tested 1 week and 8 weeks after surgery. Only subjects in the contralaterally lesioned group reversed their forepaw preferences. Rate of leverpressing...

GIS and related spatial analysis methods provide a set of tools for describing and understanding the changing spatial organization of health care, for examining its relationship to health outcomes and access, and for exploring how the delivery of health care can be improved. This review discusses recent literature on GIS and health care. It considers the use of GIS in analyzing health care need...

one of temperature estates is hot day occurrence. in order to recognize the mechanism of this estate, surveying its spatial behavior is crucially important. in current paper it has been attempted to recognized widespread hot days and their spatial distribution by using statistical methods. accordingly maximum temperature database of iran during 1962-2008 has been used. the analyses result has i...

three-dimensional surface geometry of rock discontinuities and its evolution with shearing are of great importance in understanding the deformability and hydro-mechanical behavior of rock masses. in the present research, surfaces of three natural rock fractures were digitized and studied before and after the direct shear test. the variography analysis of the surfaces indicated a strong non-line...

The standard model of population growth and regulation is critiqued. It is argued that any model of population growth and regulation must accommodate ten propositions, and a multitrajectory model that does so is described. This model identifies competition between groups, individual choice in reproductive behavior, the scale for spatial and temporal variation in resource abundance, and the soci...

The dimensionality of hyper-spectral, multi-angular radiometric data carries the potential of providing accurate observations of multiple variables to characterize the soil – vegetation atmosphere system. This potential has been explored during the period 1997 – 2005 towards the definition of a land mission by the European Space Agency ESA).

development of remote sensing (rs) and gis techniques and that of landscape metrics in the late 1980s have caused to introduce a new dimension in the landscape ecology arena (the relationship between spatial patterns and ecological processes). however, scale dependence of some of landscape metrics and rs systems of different spatial resolution has resulted in particular attention into selection...

Firms continuously vary the prices of their products in the marketplace. These variations sometimes exhibit consistent patterns, such as higher-priced products having greater price variability. For example, in the grocery industry, more expensive stores tend to have more frequent price changes (Information Resources Inc. 1993). Similarly, with airlines, the lowerpriced, low-frills Southwest Air...