We report on the development of a doubly weighted Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm (DWGS) to enable generation of uniform beamlet arrays with a spatial light modulator (SLM) for use in multiphoton multifocal imaging applications. The algorithm incorporates the WGS algorithm as well as feedback of fluorescence signals from the sample measured with a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detector array....

A monolithic circuit has been designed for active-quenching and active-reset of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs), which operate above the breakdown voltage BD for detecting single photons. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first fully integrated circuit of this kind ever reported. It can operate with any available SPAD device, since it generates pulses high enough to quench detect...

The objective of this experiment was to study of water relations and chlorophyll in different wheat genotypes and their correlations with grain and biological yields. 21 genotypes of bread wheat were compared in a field experiment as randomized complete blocks design with four replications. The results showed that relative water deficit, relative water loss, excised leaf water retention, cell m...

Twelve greenbug (Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)) biotype E-resistant synthetic hexaploid wheats synthesized by crossing Triticum dicoccum Schrank. and Aegilops tauschii (Coss.) Schmal. were evaluated for the three known insect resistance categories, including antibiosis, anti-xenosis, and tolerance. Different methods were evaluated for calculating antibiosis and tolerance. Calculating intrinsic ...

Environmental conditions and photoperiod length drive the seasonal variability of gas exchange in plants. Still, little is known about trees’ adaptation to climate change, expressed as a delay decreasing photosynthetic capacity at end growing season. We investigated effect elevated air humidity (RH) sampling period (from July September) on net photosynthesis (A n ), dark respiration (R), daytim...

ABSTRACT The current recommendations for nitrogen (N) doses may not contemplate the complex dynamics of N in soil, what imply insufficiency to crop demand. This study aimed evaluate use two portable chlorophyll meters (Minolta SPAD 502 and ClorofiLOG model CFL 1030), after defining sufficiency index (NSI), estimate fertilization factor modern bean genotypes. A block design was used, with four r...

New equations for paralyzable, non paralyzable and hybrid DT models, valid for any time dependent sources are presented. We show how such new equations include the equations already used for constant rate sources, and how it's is possible to correct DT losses in the case of time dependent sources. Montecarlo simulations were performed to compare the equations behavior with the three DT models. ...

A high-speed and hardware-only algorithm using a center of mass method has been proposed for single-detector fluorescence lifetime sensing applications. This algorithm is now implemented on a field programmable gate array to provide fast lifetime estimates from a 32 × 32 low dark count 0.13 μm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) plus time-to-digital conv...

We demonstrate a new single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) device, which utilizes the silicon-dioxide shallow-trench isolation (STI) structure common to all deep-submicron CMOS technologies, both for junction planarization and as an area-efficient guard-ring. This makes it possible to achieve an order-of-magnitude improvement in fill factor and a significant reduction in pixel area compared with...