The Caspian Sea is a region of active hydrocarbon production, where apart from conventional accumulations, gas hydrates (GH) are known to exist. GH potential future source energy, however, currently they pose danger for development fields. goal this research was determine the area distribution and thickness their stability zone in using numerical modeling define how certain parameters affect ca...

the length-weight relationships, (lwrs) were calculated for 14 fish species belonging to five families (cyprinidae, cobitidae, nemacheilidae, salmonidae, and gobiidae) collected from the tajan river, north of iran. significant length-weight relationships with high correlation coefficients were found for all species.

Barley fields and storages in GolestanProvince (northeastern Iran in south bank of the Caspian Sea), surveyed in 2005 and 40 grain samples were randomly collected for identification of fungi associated with them. Fungi were isolated from these samples by agar plating, deep freezing blotter and seed washing methods. Some six hundred fungal isolates were obtained, among which 30 species belonging...

1. introduction heavy snow hazards, although have less frequency in comparison with extreme weather events such as freezing, but are major hazards in midlatitudes (smith, 2009, 196). heavy snow damages manmade structures, crops, casualties, even between urban and rural ways of blocking.(briant. 69, 2005. ohara et al, 2009, 1611). various definitions have been offered for heavy snow, those are c...

Twenty-seven species of Odonata were collected in the present survey in the freshwaters of South-Eastern Iran, Kerman province, in contrast to 11 species that were recorded previously from this region. In this study, 528 specimens were collected from more than 30 sites in Kerman province during 2006-2008. It seems that in this region due to its special biogeographic conditions, species diversit...

Interrelationships, origin and phylogenetic affinities of brown trout Salmo trutta populations from the southern Caspian Sea basin, Orumieh and Namak Lake basins in Iran were analysed from complete mtDNA control region sequences, 12 microsatellite loci and morphological characters. Among 129 specimens from six populations, seven haplotypes were observed. Based on mtDNA haplotype data, the Orumi...

introduction one of the important events that usually occur in seas and large water bodies’ concurrent with the change of season is the growth and species increase of phytoplankton. in the natural environment, this event does not result in imbalances of water ecosystems. however, pollution caused by human activities results in excessive growth and reproduction of phytoplankton and other opportu...

The experiments with Beroe ovata showed that this ctenophore can survive and reproduce in the Caspian Sea water, though at far lower rate than in the Black Sea; larval growth in the Caspian Sea water was also slower and mortality higher. Maximum fecundity of 2210 and 240 eggs recorded in laboratories of Turkey and Iran, respectively. About 34 to 100% of eggs in the Caspian Sea water could not d...