The Aristotelian square of oppositions is a well-known diagram in logic and linguistics. In recent years, several extensions of the square have been discovered. However, these extensions have failed to become as widely known as the square. In this paper we argue that there is indeed a fundamental difference between the square and its extensions, viz., a difference in informativity. To do this, ...

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Model on preoperative and postoperative patient anxiety. Design The study used a randomised clinical trial design. Setting The sample of this study consisted of 120 patients who attended the surgery clinic at Atatürk University Hospital in Erzurum, Turkey between 1 June and 30 October 2004. Su...

The purpose of this paper is to show how the theory of probabilistic argumentation systems can be extended from propositional logic to the more general framework of set constraint logic. The strength of set constraint logic is that logical relations between non-binary variables can be expressed more directly. This simplifies the classical way of modeling knowledge through propositional logic. B...

Motivated by a systematic representation of the Chinese aspect forms that explores their intrinsic semantics and temporal logical relations, we are constructing a Chinese aspect system network based on systemic functional grammar and implemented using the multilingual generator KPML. In this paper, we introduce the basic simple primary aspect forms and a set of secondary types of the unmarked-d...

We give a new characterization of lambda deenability in Henkin models using logical relations deened over ordered sets with varying arity. The advantage of this over earlier approaches by Plotkin and Statman is its simplicity and universality. Yet, decidability of lambda deenability for hereditarily nite Henkin models remains an open problem. But if the variable set allowed in terms is also res...

Ornaments are a way to describe changes in datatype definitions that preserve their recursive structure, reorganizing, adding, or dropping some pieces of data so that functions operating on the bare definition can be partially and sometimes totally lifted into functions operating on the ornamented structure. We propose an extension of ML with higherorder ornaments. We introduce a meta-language ...

In her important 1979 paper “Aristoteles über Syllogismen ‘aufgrund einer Hypothese’”, 1 Gisela Striker provided an in-depth analysis of these vexing and perplexing Aristotelian arguments. She showed that they were Aristotle’s way of providing a logical vehicle for inferences based on other than term-logical relations; that the ‘hypothesis’ that gives them their name is best understood as a rul...

machine can be interpreted together as representing a list of items. (Maier and Hovy, 1991) The next class of relations are referred to as interpersonal relations. Each relation in this class has its own specific effect on the reader. For example, to convince or motivate the reader to do something. They are, therefore, similar to Mann and Thompson’s (Mann and Thompson, 1988) presentational rela...

The main goal of this article is to present systematic deduction of the idea of Investor Relations (IR) in a communication perspective. I have made a several specific distinctions to introduce the current concept of IR and how it has changed over the years. Moreover, I try to identify the most important aims of IR, as well as differentiate between its obligatory and optional aspects. The articl...

optimistically called Sex and Christian Freedom should fail to make any distinction between pre-marital and extra-marital sex. Dr. Hodgson's treatment of the theological side of his theme is thoughtful and undogmatic; his argument that true Christianity involves the perpetual evolution of a code rather than its fossilisation, is persuasive. But outside the Christian pale, his assessment of habi...