Mammals exposed to loud aerial sounds exhibit temporary threshold shifts (TTS) that are linearly related to increases of sound pressure above baseline hearing levels. It was unknown if this relationship held true for aquatic ectotherms such as fishes. To test this linear threshold shift hypothesis (LINTS) in fishes, we examined the effects of increased ambient sound on hearing of two species di...

An analytical model has been developed for the airborne sound pressure waveform radiated when an offshore steel pipe pile is struck by a short hammer. The model is based on the coupled equations of motion for axial and radial vibration of a thin shell, and yields frequency-dependent phase velocity and attenuation of these vibrations. A harmonic solution is obtained for the radiated sound pressu...

Psychoacoustic active noise control (ANC) systems by considering human hearing thresholds in different frequency bands were developed in the past. Besides the frequency sensitivity, human hearing also shows different sensitivity to spectral and temporal modulations of the sound. In this paper, we propose a new psychoacoustic active noise control system by further considering the spectral modula...

BACKGROUND Previous studies with long-term average spectrum (LTAS) showed the importance of the glottal source for understanding the projected voices of actresses. In this study, electroglottographic (EGG) analysis was used to investigate the contribution of the glottal source to the projected voice, comparing actresses and nonactresses' voices, in different levels of intensity. METHOD Thirty...

This work assesses the efficiency of the Codacs system actuator (Cochlear Ltd., Sydney Australia) in different inner ear stimulation modalities. Originally the actuator was intended for direct perilymph stimulation after stapedotomy using a piston prosthesis. A possible alternative application is the stimulation of middle ear structures or the round window (RW). Here the perilymph stimulation w...

Phonetograms showing the sound-pressure level (SPL) in loudest and softest possible phonation are frequently used in some voice clinics as an aid for describing the status of voice function. Spectrum analysis of the vowel /a/ produced by ten females and ten males with healthy, untrained voices revealed that the fundamental was mostly the strongest spectrum partial in soft phonation while the lo...

The purpose of this investigation was to study voice changes during a working day. The subjects consisted of 33 female primary and secondary schoolteachers who recorded their first and last lessons during one school day. The subjects were studied both as one group and two subgroups (those with many and those with few voice complaints). Estimates of fundamental frequency (F0), sound pressure lev...

BACKGROUND Sonotubometry is a non-invasive means of assessing Eustachian tube (ET) function. Its interpretation remains a complex task with questionable results due to wide variation between trials. A study was conducted to ascertain whether the measurement of phase shift in sonotubometric signals would be a more reliable indicator of ET patency than fluctuating Sound Pressure Level (SPL). ME...

This work assesses the efficiency of the Codacs system actuator (Cochlear Ltd., Sydney Australia) in different inner ear stimulation modalities. Originally the actuator was intended for direct perilymph stimulation after stapedotomy using a piston prosthesis. A possible alternative application is the stimulation of middle ear structures or the round window (RW). Here the perilymph stimulation w...

This paper reports on preliminary experiments aimed at standardizing speech intelligibility of military Callsign Acquisition Test (CAT) using average power levels of callsign items measured by the Root Mean Square (RMS) and maximum power levels of callsign items (Peak). The results obtained indicate that at a minimum sound pressure level (SPL) of 10.57 dBHL, the CAT tests were more difficult th...