Soot, which is produced from biomass burning and the incomplete combustion of fossil and biomass fuels, has been linked to regional and global climate change and to negative health problems. Scientists measure the properties of soot using a variety of methods in order to quantify source emissions and understand its atmospheric chemistry, reactivity under emission conditions, interaction with so...

Increasing requirements on the environmental acceptability of internal combustion engines led to strong efforts to meet the continuously getting stricter emission regulations. New concepts of combustion and injection have been developed together with appropriate techniques of exhaust gas aftertreatment. For diesel engines especially modern high pressure injection systems, such as the applicatio...

The detection of existence of fullerenes (C60 and C70) makes it necessary to explore whether soot nanoparticles can participate in new nanometer-sized particle formation and growth in the atmosphere. This study describes a theoretical investigation at multiple levels on the role of the fullerenes (as model compounds to represent nanoparticles of soot) in the formation of complexes with a common...

Amultiwavelength  ame emission technique is developed for high spatial resolution determination of soot temperature and soot volume fraction in axisymmetric laminar diffusion  ames. Horizontal scans of line-integrated spectra are collected over a spectral range of 500–945 nm. Inversion of these data through one-dimensional tomography using a three-point Abel inversion yields radial distributi...

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) plays an important role in the formation of combustion-generatedparticles such as soot, and their presence in atmosphere aerosols has been widely shown. the formation of five-membered rings, detected in combustion effluent, is of great interest due to their genotoxic activity.the present study reports an investigation of the electronic structure of acenapht...

This paper presents an experimental study of turbulent non-premixed jet flames ethylene/nitrogen where the nitrogen is substituted with different proportions hydrogen and/or ammonia. The focus largely on effects and ammonia soot production in flames. A combination pointwise, laser-induced fluorescence visible UV bands (LIF-UV–visible), incandescence (LII) used to measure precursors along flame ...

Soot samples, including the associated organics, produced from an Illinois No. 6 coal (five samples) and two model compounds, biphenyl (three samples) and pyrene (two samples), have been studied by 13C NMR methods. The coal soot data served as a guide to selection of the temperature range that would be most fruitful for investigation of the evolution of aerosols composed of soot and tars that a...

Due to increasingly tighter emission limits for diesel and gasoline engines, especially concerning particulate matter emissions, particulate filters are becoming indispensable devices for exhaust gas after treatment. Thereby, for an efficient engine and filter control strategy and a cost-efficient filter design, reliable technologies to determine the soot load of the filters and to measure part...