Bayesian inference is recognized as a general framework for performing optimal target tracking. Fundamentally, it assumes that the uncertainty in our knowledge of the state of the target (or targets) may be well represented by probabilities. Bayes’ theorem then provides the basic mechanism whereby measurements update these probabilities and, hence, our knowledge of the target state. For compute...

Although the causal link between sonar and stranding has not been described explicitly, beaked whales are one of the cetacean taxa more sensitive to use of Navy sonar (Moretti et al., 2014; Tyack et al., 2011). Despite their vulnerability, Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris (Md), are routinely detected year-round on the AUTEC range, coincident with routine use of Navy sonar. Thi...

Abstmct Sonar as well as other related sequences were introduced by Golomb and Taylor in [2 ] . Following a similar approachiwe introduce the concept of an extended sonar sequence. It is similar to that of a sonar sequence but blank columns are permitted. Several constructions of extended sonars are given. Our constructions are very close to ordinary sonar sequences. However they provide good i...

Multistatic sonar operation provides some well-known advantages compared to monostatic operation like enlarged detection areas and increased probability of detection. In order to gain the maximal profit from the information of different sources highly sophisticated fusion algorithms have been developed during the last years. Furthermore, today’s processing power allows the application of modern...

Multistatic sonar operation provides some well-known advantages compared to monostatic operation like enlarged detection areas and increased probability of detection. In order to gain the maximal profit from the information of different sources highly sophisticated fusion algorithms have been developed during the last years. Furthermore, today’s processing power allows the application of modern...

Interferometry is used for bathymetric mapping with side scan and synthetic aperture sonars. The principle is based on estimating the time difference between arrivals for two vertically displaced receivers. An important additional feature with interferometric sonar is that an estimate of the signal-to-noise ratio can be derived from the coherence between overlaid data series from the two receiv...

Determining the altitude of side-scan sonar (SSS) above seabed is critical to correct geometric distortions in images. Usually, a technology named bottom tracking applied estimate distance between and seafloor. However, traditional methods for often require pre-defined thresholds complex optimization processes, which make it difficult achieve ideal results underwater environments without manual...

A mechanicaly scanned imaging sonar, MSIS, produces a 2D image of the range and bearing of return intensities. The pattern produced in this image depends on the enviormental feature that caused it. These features are very useful for underwater navigation but the inverse mapping of sonar image pattern to environmental feature can be ambiguous. We investigate problems associated with using MSIS f...