introduction: fluorscence in situ hybridization (fish) enables specific detection of unique sequences of varying length, chromosomal regions or entire chromosomes within metaphase or interphase cells. recent developments in this technology permit the rapid mapping and ordering of dna fragments on single metaphase chromosome bands. the technique of fish incorporates several stages including: pro...

Ninety-nine loci have been assigned to river buffalo chromosomes, 67 of which are coding genes and 32 of which are anonymous DNA segments (microsatellites). Sixty-seven assignments were based on cosegregation of cellular markers in somatic cell hybrids (synteny), whereas 39 were based on in situ hybridization of fixed metaphase chromosomes with labeled DNA probes. Seven loci were assigned by bo...

The subjects of this article are protoplast isolations and protoplast fusions, in particular their history, a review of factors influencing the protoplasts isolation and fusion, selection of hybrid plants and utilization of somatic hybrids in plant breeding. Somatic hybridization through protoplast fusion can overcome sexual incompatibility among plant species or genera; transfer genes of resis...

In some cases of allotransplantation, simultaneous development of malignant tumors of different histogenesis may be observed. We propose to consider malignant tumor formation during allotransplantations in terms of karyogamic theory of carcinogenesis. Experience in transplantology tentatively testify that even in cases of maximal antigen compatibility of donors and recipients, immune conflict i...

Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells are clonal B cells carrying Ig gene rearrangements. However, in situ hybridization methods failed to demonstrate Ig gene expression in H-RS cells of classical Hodgkin's disease (HD). Because somatic mutations rendering potentially functional Ig gene rearrangements nonfunctional were detected in some cases of the disease, it was speculated that H-RS cells in c...

Background Salivary duct carcinomas (SDCa) are rare highly aggressive malignancies. Most patients die from distant metastatic disease within three years of diagnosis. There are limited therapeutic options for disseminated disease. Results 11 cases showed androgen receptor expression and 6 cases showed HER2 amplification. 6 Somatic mutations with additional available targeted therapies were id...

In neurons, the establishment and maintenance of distinct somatic, dendritic, and axonal domains has long been known to rely on regulated traffic of organelles and proteins. More recently, the local targeting of specific mRNAs has also been demonstrated, at least in dendrites, to provide a local supply of specific proteins. Here we set out to test directly for the presence of mRNA in axons of c...

Tumor progression to the metastatic phenotype is accompanied in certain cell types by reduced expression of the nm23 gene. We have localized human nm23-H1 to chromosome 17 by somatic cell hybrid analysis. Regional localization in the CEPH database and in situ hybridization is reported. Somatic allelic deletion of nm23-H1 was observed in human breast, renal, colorectal, and lung carcinoma DNA sa...

The white-ivory somatic mutation test of Drosophila melanogaster is based on the reversion of the X-linked eye colour recessive mutation white-ivory to wild-type. Although the exact mechanism of white-ivory reversion is not quite understood, it has been suggested that such reversion, both in somatic and germ-line cells, could be due to the precise excision of the tandemly duplicated 2.96 kb DNA...

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether nuclear transfer of postmortem wolf somatic cells into enucleated dog oocytes, is a feasible method to produce a cloned wolf. In vivo-matured oocytes (from domestic dogs) were enucleated and fused with somatic cells derived from culture of tissue obtained from a male gray wolf 6h after death. The reconstructed embryos were activated ...