Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) is a highly fatal disease in cattle and buffaloes, caused by specific serotypes of Pasteurella mul tocida. It is a primary pasteurellosis reproducible in susceptible animals with the specific organism alone. The accepted classification of Pasteurella multocida is based on the identification of its somatic and capsu­ lar antigens. On this basis two serotypes designa...

Next-generation sequencing technology enables us to analyze the complexity of intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity, which may influence to prognosis of cancer patients. In this study, we collected surgically-resected tumor tissues from five breast cancer patients and characterized three different portions of individual tumors through somatic mutation analysis by whole exome sequencing, T cell...

Systemic and mucosal antibody responses against both the major subunit of colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and the somatic lipopolysaccharide expressed by recombinant bivalent Salmonella vaccine strains were significantly enhanced by coadministration of a detoxified derivative with preserved adjuvant effects of the ETEC heat-labile toxin, LT((R192...

Cancer/testis (CT) genes are predominantly expressed in human germ line cells, but not somatic tissues, and frequently become activated in different cancer types. Several CT antigens have already proved to be useful biomarkers and are promising targets for therapeutic cancer vaccines. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of CT antigens in breast cancer. Using previousl...

This report describes two modified methods for the identification of Salmonella somatic (O) and flagellar (H) antigens. Over a period of 2 years, both modified methods were found to be approximately three times less labor intensive than the standard methods while requiring no more technical skill. The modified methods were as accurate as the standard methods in identifying the O and H antigens ...

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is the most polymorphic genetic system in humans, with numerous alleles, and subsequently, various possible combinations [1]. These genes, the products of histocompatibility complex (MHC) [2] are located in the short arm of chromosome 6 at band p 21.3 [2] and are divided into three classes, I, II and III [1]. HLA class I is responsible for coding the molecules HLA-...

asthma is a complex and multifactorial disorder. several studies have reported association between different hla- dqb1 and hla- drb1 alleles and allergic asthma. the aim of the present study was to investigate the association of hla-class ii alleles and haplotypes, with total serum ige and the results of the skin prick test in iranian children with allergic asthma. a total of 112 patients with ...

The initial antibody response to HIV-1 is targeted to envelope (Env) gp41, and is nonneutralizing and ineffective in controlling viremia. To understand the origins and characteristics of gp41-binding antibodies produced shortly after HIV-1 transmission, we isolated and studied gp41-reactive plasma cells from subjects acutely infected with HIV-1. The frequencies of somatic mutations were relativ...

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a clonal disease of a subset of human B lymphocytes. Although the cause of the disease is unknown, its development and evolution appear to be promoted by signals delivered when B-cell receptors (BCRs) engage (auto)antigens. Here, using a peptide phage display library of enhanced size and diverse composition, we examined the binding specificity of a recombin...