This study aims to ascertain how going concern audit opinions are affected by Profitability, liquidity, solvency, firm size, and quality. Profitability will be measured with Return on Asset, Liquidity Current Ratio, Solvency Debt Asset Firm Size Logaritma Natural of Total Assets. The data used in this is secondary data. mining businesses listed the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) 2019–2021 compr...

We formulate a noncooperative game to model competition for policyholders among non-life insurance companies, taking into account market premium, solvency level, market share and underwriting results. We study Nash equilibria and Stackelberg equilibria for the premium levels, and give numerical illustrations.

In this paper I explain the new ideas by means of a rating system for checking the credit solvency of small business firms. By means of a pilot software we are going to demonstrate that fuzzy decision support systems offer more information to the user than classical aggregation processes. Moreover, they provide a simple way for explaining the rating result.

An order-restricted (OR) statistical model can be expressed in the general form {Pθ | θ ∈ C}, where C is a convex cone in R. In general, no unbiased estimator exists for θ. In particular, the OR maximum likelihood estimator (ORMLE) is biased, although its aggregate mean square error is usually less than that of the unrestricted MLE (URMLE). Nonetheless, the bias and mean-square error (MSE) of a...

Convex relaxations of the power flow equations and, in particular, the Semi-Definite Programming (SDP) and SecondOrder Cone (SOC) relaxations, have attracted significant interest in recent years. The Quadratic Convex (QC) relaxation is a departure from these relaxations in the sense that it imposes constraints to preserve stronger links between the voltage variables through convex envelopes of ...

In this paper we study the existence and characterization of spaces which are images of minimal-norm projections that are required to interpolate at given functionals and satisfy additional shape-preserving requirements. We will call such spaces optimal interpolating spaces preserving shape. This investigation leads to concrete solutions in classical settings and, as examples, n will be determi...