Diffusiophoresis, the motion of a particle in response to an externally imposed concentration gradient of a solute species, is analysed from both the traditional coarse-grained macroscopic (i.e. continuum) perspective and from a fine-grained micromechanical level in which the particle and the solute are treated on the same footing as Brownian particles dispersed in a solvent. It is shown that a...

During rapid solidification, solute may be incorporated into the solid phase at a concentration significantly different from that predicted by equilibrium thermodynamics. This process, known as solute trapping, leads to a progressive reduction in the concentration change across the interface as the solidification rate increases. Theoretical treatments of rapid solidification using traditional s...

BACKGROUND During ethanol fermentation, the ethanologenic bacterium, Zymomonas mobilis may encounter several environmental stresses such as heat, ethanol and osmotic stresses due to high sugar concentration. Although supplementation of the compatible solute sorbitol into culture medium enhances cell growth of Z. mobilis under osmotic stress, the protective function of this compound on cell grow...

We have investigated the phase diagram of a statistical model for hydrogen-bonding solutions for polar solutes. The structured solvent is represented by an associating lattice gas, which presents anomalous density and liquid-liquid coexistence. Polar solute particles and solvent particles interact attractively, while the solvent-solvent interaction is made directional through bonding arms, whic...

The extracellular matrix of cartilage is a charged porous fibrous material. Transport phenomena in such a medium are very complex. In this study, solute diffusive flux and convective flux in porous fibrous media were investigated using a continuum mixture theory approach. The intrinsic diffusion coefficient of solute in the mixture was defined and its relation to drag coefficients was presented...

We report results of molecular dynamics simulations to understand the role of solute and solute-solvent interaction on solute diffusivity in a solid solution within a body centered cubic solid when the solute size is significantly smaller than the size of the solvent atom. Results show that diffusivity is maximum for two specific sizes of the solute atom. This is the first time that twin maxima...

When osmotic pressure across an artificial membrane, produced by a permeable electrically neutral solute on one side of it, is balanced by an external pressure difference so that there is no net volume flow across the membrane, it has been found that there will be a net flux of a second electrically neutral tracer solute, present at equal concentrations on either side of the membrane, in the di...

We present a three-dimensional framework for the transport of neutral solute through soft biological tissue, such as the articular cartilage, under different mechanical loading conditions. The tissue is modelled as a mixture of three phases, a hyperelastic, anisotropic solid matrix, an incompressible inviscid fluid and a solute. The formulation accounts for the anisotropic interaction between t...

We address the investigation of the solvation properties of the minimal orientational model for water originally proposed by [Bell and Lavis, J. Phys. A 3, 568 (1970)]. The model presents two liquid phases separated by a critical line. The difference between the two phases is the presence of structure in the liquid of lower density, described through the orientational order of particles. We hav...

The transient storage model (TSM) has been widely used in studies of stream solute transport and fate, with an increasing emphasis on reactive solute transport. In this study we perform sensitivity analyses of a conservative TSM and two different reactive solute transport models (RSTM), one that includes first-order decay in the stream and the storage zone, and a second that considers sorption ...