Microaneurysms physical weakening of the capillary walls which predisposes them to leakages. Hard exudates precipitates of lipoproteins/other proteins leaking from retinal blood vessels. Haemorrhages rupture of weakened capillaries, appearing as small dots/larger blots or 'flame' haemorrhages that track along nerve-fibre bundles in superficial retinal layers (the haemorrhage arises from larger ...

A 23-year-old female patient presented with spontaneous appearance of nail haemorrhages on both hands after a tracking holiday in Peru and Bolivia. At altitudes above 3000 meters, she initially developed painful splinter haemorrhages (figure 1), followed by subungual haematoma (figure 2) and eventually distal onycholysis at all fingernails on both hands (figure 3). Remarkably, her toenails were...

Microaneurysms physical weakening of the capillary walls which predisposes them to leakages. Hard exudates precipitates of lipoproteins/other proteins leaking from retinal blood vessels. Haemorrhages rupture of weakened capillaries, appearing as small dots/larger blots or 'flame' haemorrhages that track along nerve-fibre bundles in superficial retinal layers (the haemorrhage arises from larger ...

Spontaneous thyroid haemorrhages are rare. There are reported cases occurring in thyroid nodules and cysts but none in thyroid malignancies. We describe a 48 year old who presented to the on-call ENT team with a rapidly progressing neck swelling that was interfering with his airway. After resuscitation, the patient underwent a right lobectomy to stop the bleeding. Histology showed a thyroid fol...

Stomach contained thick mucus, and there were a few punctiform haemorrhages. Small Intestine.?The outer coat showed several depressions corresponding to the attachment of the distomes inside. Enormous numbers of the lozenge-shaped distomes could be seen through the wall. They extended from within a foot of the pylorus to the caecum and numbered 734. They were embedded in a greyish thick gruelly...

Minor blunt trauma may cause typical haemorrhages and probably enlargement of breaks or new breaks in patients affected with the Groenblad-Strandberg syndrome.

A male infant of 36 weeks' gestation, weighing 3080 g, with erythroblastosis, ruptured spleen, and bilateral suprarenal haemorrhages is described. The infant survived after exchange transfusions and splenectomy.