Colonies of Stylophora pistillata maintained for four years in indoor aquaria in the near absence of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) contained only small amounts (,5 nmol mg21 protein) of 10 identified mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs, which act as UV sunscreens), the largest number reported in any organism. The concentrations of most MAAs increased linearly or exponentially when colonies were ex...

UNLABELLED This paper describes the effects of radiation, probably ultraviolet radiation (UVR), on the human genome at peaks of solar cycles. This phenomenon was not previously reported because peak cycle lifespan had not been separated from non-peak lifespan. This paper reinforces the findings of others regarding the seasonality of various diseases and that there are factors occurring early in...

Introduction: The radiation induced bystander effect (BSE) is the induction of biological changes in unexposed cells, by signals transmitted from bystander cells that cause the spread of radiation toxicity to adjacent or far tissues. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) such as cytokines are involved in mediating mechanisms in bystande...

BACKGROUND Individual exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is challenging to measure, particularly for diseases with substantial latency periods between first exposure and diagnosis of outcome, such as cancer. To guide the choice of surrogates for long-term UVR exposure in epidemiologic studies, we assessed how well stable sun-related individual characteristics and environmental/meteorologic...

The net influence of ultraviolet radiation (UVR; 280-400 nm) on freshwater phytoplankton communities depends on the photon flux density, duration, and spectral quality of exposure and the UVR sensitivity of the assemblage in terms of photosynthetic impairment, biochemical composition, and nutrient assimilation mechanisms. Such effects are mitigated to varying degrees by photoacclimation and sel...

We studied the effects of elevated CO2 concentrations (0.03% vs. 0.1%) on light absorption, membrane permeability, growth, and carbon fixation under photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposures in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. Susceptibility of photosynthesis to UVR was estimated using biological weighting functions (BWFs) for the inhibition of phot...

Predicting where species invasions will occur remains a substantial challenge in ecology, but identifying factors that ultimately constrain the distribution of potential invaders could facilitate successful prediction. Whereas ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is recognized as an important factor controlling species distribution and community composition, the role of UVR in a habitat invasibility con...

Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) plays a variety of roles in aquatic and terrestrial environments and an increasing realization of the diversity of UVR effects in the environment has sustained a continued interest in the subject. The latest research on this theme was highlighted at the 33rd meeting of the American Society of Photobiology in San Juan, Puerto Rico (July 2006) in a symposium on ‘...