The entomogenous nematode species Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Kahn, Brooks, and Hirschmann), H. bacteriophora Poinar, Neoaplectana carpocapsae Weiser, and N. glaseri Steiner are promising biological control agents for a broad range of soil-inhabiting insect species (6). Many factors in soil affect nematode survival, movement, and infectivity: Moisture is probably the most important physical fa...

In this study, the importance of individual soil mineral constituents on non-ionic surfactant sorption is evaluated by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) to observe microchemical surface composition of model soil colloids and relate surface microchemical composition to the sorption behavior of a non-ionic surfactant, Polyethylene G...

plants uptake boron (b) from the soil solution, in which boron concentration is controlled by adsorption and desorption reactions on soil organic and inorganic colloids. considering the importance of aluminosilicate minerals in ion adsorption and desorption reactions in soil, in this research, b adsorption behavior on kaolinite was studied as a function of equilibrium concentration, ph, kaolini...

An investigation was conducted to assess the effectiveness of a series of kindergarten through 12th grade �K–12� educational outreach activities related to civil engineering. In particular, a program called Soils Magic that contains a series of simple geotechnical engineering experiments was delivered in various formats to K–12 students. This paper provides an overview of the Soils Magic progra...

This paper presents the results of modeling tests of the Effect of Confinement Pressure on footing bearing capacity of two kinds of square and strip footing. Footings bearing capacity depends upon many factors including soil kind, depth, form and kind of loading. Soil behavior is variable regarding the kind of loading and the kind of deformations in that can have great importance in the amount ...

Column leach test has been performed to examine the behavior of leaching of sodium, calcium and potassium in landfills. In the column leach apparatus, two different layers of contaminated and uncontaminated soils of different height ratios (ratio of depth of contaminated soil to the depth of uncontaminated soil) are taken. Water is poured from an overhead tank at a particular flowrate to the in...

The increased use of veterinary antibiotics in modern agriculture for therapeutic uses and growth promotion has raised concern regarding the environmental impacts of antibiotic residues in soil and water. The mobility and transport of antibiotics in the environment depends on their sorption behavior, which is typically predicted by extrapolating from an experimentally determined soil-water dist...

Fly ash is a waste produced mostly from the burning of coal in thermal power stations, which contributes to environmental pollution. Also, a number of studies have been conducted to investigate the influence of randomly oriented fibers on the engineering behavior of coarse grained and fine grained soils. The influence of randomly oriented polypropylene fibers on the engineering behavior of soil...

Due to the diurnal and seasonal fluctuations in leaf-to-air vapor pressure deficit (D), one of the key regulatory roles played by stomata is to limit transpiration-induced leaf water deficit. Different types of plants are known to vary in the sensitivity of stomatal conductance (gs) to D with important consequences for their survival and growth. Plants that minimize any increase in transpiratio...

OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated the influence of ionic strength and natural organic matter (NOM) on aggregation and soil adsorption of citrate-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). METHODS Time-resolved dynamic light scattering measurements and batch adsorption experiments were used to study their aggregation and soil adsorption behaviors, respectively. RESULTS The aggregation rate...