Sodium benzoate has been used for the treatment of congenital hyperammonemic syndromes and hepatic encephalopathy for its ammonia lowering effect. A zinc-derivative of sodium benzoate (CH-1) with similar effects, is presented herein. We administered CH-1 at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight during 7 days to male Wistar rats after a portocaval shunt operation was performed as a model ...

The chemical reactivity of 8-chloroflavins and 8-mercaptoflavins has been exploited in order to examine the orientation of protein-bound flavins relative to solvent. The apoprotein form of a series of flavoproteins was prepared and the native flavin was replaced by either 8-C1-flavin or 8-mercaptoflavin (FAD, FMN, or riboflavin form as was appropriate). The reconstituted proteins were exposed t...

The effects of selected concentrations of antimicrobials from natural (vanillin, thymol, eugenol, carvacrol or citral) or synthetic (potassium sorbate or sodium benzoate) origin on Aspergillus flavus lag time inoculated in laboratory media formulated at water activity (a(w)) 0.99 and pH 4.5 or 3.5, were evaluated. Time to detect a colony with a diameter > 0.5 mm was determined. Mold response wa...

The metabolically versatile soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida has to cope with numerous abiotic stresses in its habitats. The stress responses of P. putida KT2440 to 4 degrees C, pH 4.5, 0.8 M urea, and 45 mM sodium benzoate were analyzed by determining the global mRNA expression profiles and screening for stress-intolerant nonauxotrophic Tn5 transposon mutants. In 392 regulated genes or operon...

Objective. To report an unusual cause of coma in an adult. Design. Case report. Setting. University teaching hospital. Patient. A previously healthy 53-year-old man initially presented with altered mental status and progressed to coma. He was found to be substantially hyperammonemic and did not improve with lactulose therapy and continuous venovenous hemodialysis. Results. Biochemical testing r...

Ralitoline and CI-953 are anticonvulsant compounds active in both maximal electroshock and kindling models of seizures with rodents. CI-953 (IC50 = 5 microM) and ralitoline (IC50 = 2 microM) both blocked sustained repetitive firing of sodium action potentials with effects on firing activity triggered by spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic potentials at higher concentrations. No effects on ionto...