Hoagland’s nutrient solution (HS) * was used as a tool to investigate whether or not the phyto­ chrome-mediated appearance of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) * and ascorbate oxidase (AO) * in the mustard seedling cotyledons is simply a modulation of the appearance of these enzymes in the dark (basal level). HS was applied to the mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seedling at sowing instead of distille...

background: we aimed at evaluating the toxicity effects of low (subtoxic) concentrations of silver nanoparticles (agnp, 5-10 nm) in human hepatoblastoma (hepg2) cell line after and during a period of about one month. methods: xtt and mtt assays were used to draw a dose-response curve ic50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) value of the agnp on hepg2 cells was calculated to be 2.75-3.0 mg/l...

Changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, proline, and total soluble carbohydrates (TSC) were evaluated in tomato (Solanum lycopercicum cv. Superchief) plants in response to salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) and inoculation with CMV (Cucumber mosaic virus) on days 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 15 after virus inoculation (dpi). Results showed that proline content increased in all treatmen...

A full-length cDNA of 794 bp encoding a putative copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) from Pagrus major was cloned by the PCR approach. Nucleotide sequence analysis of this cDNA clone revealed that it comprises a complete open reading frame coding for 154 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence showed high similarity (53-91%) with the sequences of Cu/Zn-SOD from other speci...

The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GSP) in isolated rat pancreatic islets exposed to high glucose concentration for a short period of time (60 min) was determined. High glucose concentration (16.7 mM) did not significantly alter catalase activity. GSP activity was increased by glucose at 5.6 mM, remaining elevated at higher concentrations up to 16....

Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is the only enzyme that removes superoxide radical in the extracellular space. The reduction of EC-SOD is linked to many diseases, suggesting that the protein may have therapeutic value. EC-SOD is reported to be insoluble and to make inclusion bodies when overexpressed in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli. The refolding process has the advantage of hi...

Mutations in CuZn-superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) have been linked to familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and motor neurone death is caused by the gain of a toxic property of the mutant protein. Here we determined amounts, activity and molecular forms of CuZn-SOD in CSF from ALS patients carrying the D90A and other CuZn-SOD mutations and patients without such mutations. There were no ...

Aril browning threatens production, consumption, and exports of pomegranates, because affected fruit cannot be externally distinguished from healthy fruit. This study compared the mineral, biochemical composition, and related enzyme activities in affected brown arils with healthy ones in ‘Malase Saveh’ pomegranates. The results indicated that concentrations of Cu in the aril and K, Mg, and Mn i...