BACKGROUND Obesity is now more common in lower socioeconomic groups in developed nations, but the socio-economic patterning of obesity has changed over time. This study examines the time trends in the socioeconomic patterning of generalised and abdominal obesity and overweight in English adults. METHODS Data were from core annual samples of the Health Survey for England 1993-2008, including 1...

Although socioeconomic position is conceptualized by social epidemiologists as a multidimensional construct, most research on socioeconomic disparities in health uses a limited set of observable indicators (e.g., educational attainment, household income, or occupational class) and typically analyzes and reports gradients in relation to one measure at a time. Societal changes in economic structu...

BACKGROUND To date, few studies address disparities in older populations specifically using frailty as one of the health outcomes and examining the relative contributions of individual and environmental factors to health outcomes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Using a data set from a health survey of 4,000 people aged 65 years and over living in all regions of Hong Kong, we examined regional...

BACKGROUND In most European origin populations measures of socioeconomic position are positively associated with leisure time physical activity (LTPA), this is unclear for active commuting. In addition, these associations have scarcely been studied in ethnic minority groups, who often have a high cardiovascular disease risk. Because of the expected public health potential, we assessed the relat...

Family is the first and everlasting shelter for each human being. There is an urgent need for Elderly parent to be supported by his/her primary family group .Unfortunately; nowadays we witness families who cannot afford caring their elder parents at home and send them to a nursing house. The goal of this article is to clarify one of the most important excuses of ceasing family care because of l...

OBJECTIVE To quantify the direct and indirect effects of fetal life, childhood, and adult life on risk of cardiovascular disease at age 49-51 years. DESIGN Follow up study of the "Newcastle thousand families" birth cohort established in 1947. PARTICIPANTS 154 men and 193 women who completed a health and lifestyle questionnaire and attended for clinical examination between October 1996 and D...

BACKGROUND The literature shows a variable and inconsistent relationship between socioeconomic position and preterm birth. We examined risk factors for spontaneous and iatrogenic preterm birth, with a focus on socioeconomic position and clinical risk factors, in order to explain the observed inconsistency. METHODS We carried out a retrospective population-based cohort study of all singleton d...

Social disadvantage across the life course is associated with a greater risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and with established CHD risk factors, but less is known about whether novel CHD risk factors show the same patterns. The Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development was used to investigate associations between occupational socioeconomic position during childhood, ...

Social disadvantage across the life course is associated with a greater risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and with established CHD risk factors, but less is known about whether novel CHD risk factors show the same patterns. The Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development was used to investigate associations between occupational socioeconomic position during childhood, ...

Susceptibility to obesity in today’s environment has a strong genetic component. Lower socioeconomic position (SEP) is associated with a higher risk of obesity but it is not known if it accentuates genetic susceptibility to obesity. We aimed to use up to 120,000 individuals from the UK Biobank study to test the hypothesis that measures of socioeconomic position accentuate genetic susceptibility...