Predictive graph mining approaches in chemical databases are extremely popular and effective. Most of these approaches first extract frequent sub-graphs and then use them as features to build predictive models. In the work presented here, the approach taken is similar. However, instead of frequent sub-graphs, frequent trees, based on SMILES strings are derived. For this, the SMILES strings of c...

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The mechanisms through which people perceive different types of smiles and judge their authenticity remain unclear. Here, 19 different types of smiles were created based on the Facial Action Coding System (FACS), using highly controlled, dynamic avatar faces. Participants observed short videos of smiles while their facial mimicry was measured with electromyography (EMG) over four facial muscles...

a r t i c l e i n f o Which is the strongest predictor of Duchenne smiles? Is it emotion or sociality? Two field studies on the production of facial behavior by winning judo fighters (N = 174) are presented, testing if judo fighters smiled while being happy or while they were engaged in social interaction with the audience. Our studies simultaneously meet important methodological requirements: ...

Lack of access to dental care is a common problem for people with Medicaid, whether they are covered by traditional fee-for-service programs or by managed care. For people with developmental disabilities who are covered by Medicaid, access to dental care is even more restricted. This situation was recognized at a 1999 state dental summit in Pennsylvania and led to a recommendation that a specia...