abstract- mechanical damage degrades fruit quality in the chain from production to the consumption. damage is due to static, impact and vibration loads during processes such as harvesting, transportation, sorting and bulk storage. in the present study finite element (fe) models were used to simulate the process of static bruising for apple fruits by contact of the fruit with a hard surface. thr...

WHAT IS RADIOTHERAPY-INDUCED SKIN REACTION? While radiotherapy treatment is vital for tumour management, it can cause severe skin reaction. All patients receiving external radiotherapy beam therapy (EBRT) are at risk of developing a reaction; the incidence is said to range from 85% (Robson and Cooper, 2009; Salvo et al, 2010) to 95% (McQuestion, 2011). Due to the appearance of RISR, it is easy ...

High frequency ultrasound imaging has been reported as a potential method of identifying the suspected tissue damage in patients "at risk" of pressure ulceration. The aim of this study was to explore whether ultrasound images supported the clinical skin assessment in an inpatient population through identification of subcutaneous tissue damage. Skin on the heels and/or sacral coccygeal area of f...

Exposure to sunlight is the major cause of skin cancer. Ultraviolet radiation (UV) from the sun causes damage to DNA by direct absorption and can cause skin cell death. UV also causes production of reactive oxygen species that may interact with DNA to indirectly cause oxidative DNA damage. UV increases accumulation of p53 in skin cells, which upregulates repair genes but promotes death of irrep...

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) has a significant impact on human skin and is the major environmental factor for skin cancer formation. It is also believed that 80% of the signs of skin aging are attributed to UVR. UVR induces inflammatory changes in the skin via the increase in oxidative stress, DNA damage vascular permeability, and fluctuation in a myriad of cytokines. Acutely, UVR causes skin in...

The purpose of the present study was to develop an alternative transdermal formulation containing sumatriptan succinate (SS) for the treatment of migraine. Novel self-dissolving SS-loaded microneedle arrays (MNs) were fabricated from sodium hyaluronate and their efficacy for transdermal delivery of SS was characterized. The resulting MNs maintained their skin piercing abilities for at least 30 ...

Structural health monitoring (SHM) entails the use of structural response data to identify the existence, location, and severity of structural damage. However, damage detection is a challenging problem because damage is a local phenomenon difficult to observe using global measures of structural response. With the existence and location of damage unknown a priori, sensor strategies monitoring th...