The in vitro antifungal susceptibilities of six clinical Trichophyton rubrum isolates obtained sequentially from a single onychomycosis patient who failed oral terbinafine therapy (250 mg/day for 24 weeks) were determined by broth microdilution and macrodilution methodologies. Strain relatedness was examined by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses. Data obtained from both broth micr...

in order to characterizeblackleg and soft rot agent of potatoin ardabil province, samples showing mentioned symptoms were gathered from fields and storages during 2012 and 53 pectolytic isolates were obtained in primary purification. after confirming their pathogenicity, phenotypic features were investigated and compared to those of the reference strains. rotting severityof isolates and infecti...

In the first seven weeks of 2016, five serotype 1/2a Listeria monocytogenes isolates were collected from patients with invasive listeriosis in Ancona province in Italy. These strains and six 1/2a isolates identified in 2015 in the same area were typed by ERIC-PCR and PFGE. A clonal relationship, documented between the two sets of isolates, suggested a listeriosis outbreak in Ancona that started...

Background: Clostridium chauvoei is the etiological agent of blackleg as an endogenous infection in cattle.  Flagella have been known to play a critical role in the protective immunity of animals to clostridial infections. C.chauvoei has two copies of fliC gene, namely fliA and fliB. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was the determination and nucleotide sequence analysis of both copies of fliC ...

Heteromorphic sex-determining regions or mating-type loci can contain large regions of non-recombining sequence where selection operates under different constraints than in freely recombining autosomal regions. Detailed studies of these non-recombining regions can provide insights into how genes are gained and lost, and how genetic isolation is maintained between mating haplotypes or sex chromo...

The prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in bulk milk from three Pacific Northwest states was assessed for 474 herds at three time points. For samples collected in November 2000 and June 2001, the L. monocytogenes prevalence levels were 4.9 and 7.0%, respectively. All isolates were subtyped by serotyping and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Forty-nine of the 55 isolates belonged to s...

To determine the genetic basis of the resistance of Schistosoma mansoni to praziquantel (PZQ) and to understand whether the resistance is dominant or recessive trait, a schistosome cross was undertaken between a PZQ-susceptible and a PZQ-resistant isolate using infections of the single-sex cercariae which were identified by a direct W1-specific PCR technique. The resistances of F1 and F2 genera...