In situ investigations on the nucleation and crystallization processes are essential for understanding of the formation of solids. Hence, the results of such experiments are prerequisites for the rational synthesis of solid materials. The in situ approach allows the detection of precursors, intermediates, and/or polymorphs, which are mainly missed in applying ex situ experiments. With a newly d...

We investigate the significance of in situ dissolution of calcium carbonate above its saturation horizons using observations from the open subpolar North Atlantic [sNA] and to a lesser extent a 3-D biogeochemical model. The sNA is particularly well suited for observation-based detections of in situ, i.e. shallow-depth CaCO3 dissolution [SDCCD] as it is a region of high CaCO3 production, deep Ca...

Citation: Grand MM, Clinton-Bailey GS, Beaton AD, Schaap AM, Johengen TH, Tamburri MN, Connelly DP, Mowlem MC and Achterberg EP (2017) A Lab-On-Chip Phosphate Analyzer for Long-term In Situ Monitoring at Fixed Observatories: Optimization and Performance Evaluation in Estuarine and Oligotrophic Coastal Waters. Front. Mar. Sci. 4:255. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2017.00255 A Lab-On-Chip Phosphate Analyzer...

The correlation between mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) and hemodynamic measurements was studied in 13 patients undergoing descending thoracic aortic aneurysm resection (DTAAR). A significant correlation (p less than 0.05) was found between cardiac index (CI) and SvO2 after the induction of anesthesia and at the end of surgery. However, no significant correlation could be found between Sv...

Online sensitive monitoring of gene expression is essential for understanding microbial life and microbial communities, especially under stress-inducing conditions, such as the presence of environmental pollutants. We describe here a novel use of promoter-based electrochemical biosensing for online and in situ monitoring of gene expression in response to pollutants. As a model system, we used a...

Introduction Typical methods for monitoring cultivation processes are offline analyses like cell counting, measurement of various substrates and products (e. g. glucose or lactate) as well as the online monitoring of several physical process parameters (temperature, pH-value or the concentration of dissolved oxygen). To improve cell cultivations detailed information about important analytes sho...

Arterial hypoxemia may contribute to morbidity during cardiac catheterization. Therefore, we measured arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SaO2) continuously using pulse oximetry in 29 patients (age range, 21 to 83 years) undergoing cardiac catheterization. Baseline SaO2 was 96 +/- 0.4 percent. All patients had a decrease in SaO2 at some time during the procedure. Eleven patients (38 percent)...

=Abstract=Pulse oximetry has recently been introduced as a method for continuous and non-invasive transcutaneous monitoring of arterial oxygen saturation in neonates. The purpose of our study was to determine the reliability, accuracy, and practicability of pulse oximetry for monitoring arterial oxygenation in sick newborn infants. Pulse oximetry oxygen saturation values (SpO2) were compared wi...

We use a pore-scale network model in conjunction with conventional reservoir-scale simulations to investigate wettability variation within an oil/water transition zone. If the initial water saturation within the transition zone is controlled by primary drainage, we predict that initial production behavior is the same regardless of wettability. However, if the initial water saturation has been m...