Sink mobility is one of the most effective solutions for improving lifetime and has been widely investigated for the last decade. Algorithms for single-sink mobility are not directly applied to the multiple-sink case due to the latter’s specific challenges. Most of the approaches proposed in the literature use mathematical programming techniques to solve the multiple-sink mobility problem. Howe...

Maximizing the lifetime of energy constrained wireless sensor networks is a very challenging issue. It has been demonstrated that the use of a mobile sink can significantly increase the network lifetime by balancing the load among nodes. However, in existing solutions, nodes either send their data through multihop towards the sink or store the data until the sink comes at the node’s vicinity, w...

Recently sink mobility has been exploited in numerous schemes to prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Contrary to traditional WSNs where sensory data from sensor field is ultimately sent to a static sink, mobile sink-based approaches alleviate energy-holes issues thereby facilitating balanced energy consumption among nodes. In mobility scenarios, nodes need to keep track of ...

Current research proposes the Scheduling Based Energy Efficient Mobile Node Communication in Wireless Sensor Networks Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. In this work, hybrid network consists of two types of nodes one is static nodes and other are moving nodes. We will consider these mobile nodes as mobile sink. Each static sensor has fixed or low energy. They have limited memory buffer. According the siz...

phytoplankton and zooplankton concentrations in pishin reservoir are predicted employing a three-dimensional numerical model in this paper. modeling is performed using a numerical model based on mass transport equation. advection, diffusion and source/sink processes are considered as separate subroutines for predicting the concentrations of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the reservoir. finit...

This paper introduces algorithms for target tracking in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that enable reduction of data communication cost. The objective of the considered problem is to control movement of a mobile sink which has to reach a moving target in the shortest possible time. Consumption of the WSN energy resources is reduced by transferring only necessary data readings (target positions...

Operational wind data are used to show that the time-averaged mass flux near the tropopause is downward over the maritime continent (Indonesia) region during both summer and winter. The air descends within a layer above the convective level of neutral buoyancy (despite mean upward motion below and above this layer) and must rise through the mean tropopause elsewhere, contradicting the common vi...

This study suggests using thermoelectric element to generate electric energy from the heat source efficiently. This generator system consists of a Heater, the Lower Heat Transfer Plate to absorb heat from the Heater, Two-Stage Thermoelectric Device module to generate the electric power with the heat transferred from the Lower Heat Transfer Plate, the Upper Heat Transfer Plate to convey the heat...