the present study presents an algorithm that models uncertainties at the structural component level to estimate the performance reliability of rc structures. the method calculates the performance reliability using a systemic approach and incorporates the improved response surface method based on sampling blocks using the first-order reliability method and conditional reliability indices. the re...

The EU FOCUS scenarios are a set of nine standard scenarios based on a combination of crop, soil and weather data used throughout Europe to evaluate the leaching potential of pesticides to groundwater. In Ireland, two predefined EU FOCUS scenarios (Okehampton and Hamburg) appear to be the most appropriate to Irish conditions. However, there is concern that these scenarios may not accurately rep...

Abstract The relationships among rangeland management practices and ecosystem on soil nutrient processes are complex. Simulation models can provide valuable insight into this complexity to guide future research decisions for sustainable grazing systems. objective of analysis was evaluate the combinations (continuous vs. rotational), stocking rate (low, moderate, or high), burning (none annual s...

In this article, wind-induced vibration response of Vincent Thomas Bridge, a suspension bridge located in San Pedro near LosAngeles, California, is simulated using a detailed three-dimensional finite element model of the bridge and a state-of-the-art stochastic wind excitation model. Based on the simulated wind-induced vibration data, the modal parameters (natural frequencies, damping ratios, a...

escalating development of tourism and petroleum industries in small islands such as lavan-iranrequires sound solid waste management. in the present investigation, three scenarios which consist of thecombination of landfill, recycling, incineration and composting and their environmental impacts have beenevaluated for 7514 kg/day of waste generation in lavan island. for this purpose, life cycle a...