Silymarin (SM) is the active component of milk thistle (MT) that is a flavonoid complex consisting of silibinin, silychristin, and silydianin. Silibinin (also known as silybin) is the major active component of the silymarin complex and is credited with giving MT its beneficial properties. Acting as a phyotonutrient silybin also provides a variety of benefits including anti-inflammatory, anti-ca...

Extracts of milk thistle have been recognized for centuries as "liver tonics" and are well-known to prevent or reverse hepatotoxicity of reactive drug metabolites or naturally occurring toxins. Milk thistle extracts are now under intense study in the experimental therapeutics of cancer for chemoprevention, treatment, and amelioration of chemotherapy side effects. Precision in nomenclature, howe...

Gentiana macrophylla Radix, commonly known as Qin-Jiao (QJ), was recorded alone to treat jaundice in Compendium of Materia Medica and has been frequently prescribed for treatment of liver disease in China. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present work, QJ of 1,2 g/kg or silybin of 40 mg/kg (positive control) was orally given to rats for 7 days to verify the protective e...

The effect of coniferyl alcohol as a precursor of flavonolignan biosynthesis on silymarin components production in Silybum marianum suspension culture was studied. Coniferyl alcohol showed the changes in silymarin complex production. Silydianin was detected mainly in the control samples of cultivated cells. A significant increase of silydianin was observed only after 72 h of the application of ...

Silymarin is an antihepatotoxic substance isolated from fruits of Silybum marianum. Possibly due to their antioxidant and membrane stabilizing properties, the compounds have been shown to protect different organs and cells against a number of insults. The content and composition of main silymarin components (silybin, isosilybin, silydianin and silychristin) in various pharmaceuticals were analy...

Recent studies have shown an increase in alcohol-related digestive and liver diseases as alcohol consumption grew during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients may embrace milk thistle—which has been promoted a dietary supplement for hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice, diabetes, indigestion—to protect from environmental toxins. With hundreds of years history treatment wide range disorders gallbladder prob...

Thomas W. Flaig,* Michael Glodé, Daniel Gustafson, Adrie van Bokhoven, Yuzhen Tao, Shandra Wilson, Lih-Jen Su, Yuan Li, Gail Harrison, Rajesh Agarwal, E. David Crawford, M. Scott Lucia, and Michael Pollak DepartmentofMedicine,Universityof ColoradoDenver, Aurora,Colorado AnimalCancerCenter,Departmentof Clinical Sciences,Colorado StateUniversity, Fort Collins,Colorado Departmentof Pathology,Unive...

Introduction: Recently depleted uranium is being widely used as anti-armour ammunition and at very high temperature, results in information of an aerosol of very small uranium oxide particles, which may be inhaled. It is alleged that these particles represent a new battlefield hazard because of the chemical toxicology and/or radioactivity. Method & materials: Male Wistar strain albino rats ...