We have analyzed optical parametric interaction in a 2D NPC. While in general the nonlinear coefficient is small compared to a 1D NPC, we show that at numerous orientations a multitude of reciprocal vectors contribute additively to enhance the gain in optical parametric amplification and oscillation in a 2D patterned crystal. In particular, we have derived the effective nonlinear coefficients f...

The effectiveness of RNA interference (RNAi) in many organisms is potentiated through the signal-amplifying activity of a targeted RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP) system that can convert a small population of exogenously-encountered dsRNA fragments into an abundant internal pool of small interfering RNA (siRNA). As for any biological amplification system, we expect an underlying architecture...

A fundamental question of cell signaling biology is how faint external signals produce robust physiological responses. One universal mechanism relies on signal amplification via intracellular cascades mediated by heterotrimeric G-proteins. This high amplification system allows retinal rod photoreceptors to detect single photons of light. Although much is now known about the role of the α-subuni...

A new signal amplification system with an auto-inductive mode of action and distinct chemiluminescence output was developed. The system is composed of a unique structural motif that combines a chemiexcitation mechanism with a quinone-methide elimination into a signal building block. As demonstrated with a probe designed to detect fluoride, an auto-inductive chemiluminescence signal amplificatio...

A simple and extremely sensitive dual-amplification platform for the detection of DNA was developed combining signal amplification of conjugated polymers and recyclable autocatalytic hybridization of DNA.

A novel DNA detection assay was proposed by invasive reaction coupled with molecular beacon assisted strand-displacement signal amplification (IRASA). Target DNAs are firstly hybridized to two probes to initiate invasive reaction to produce amplified flaps. Then these flaps are further amplified by strand-displacement signal amplification. The detection limit was around 0.2 pM.

A carbon nanotube (CNT)-based multiple cycle signal amplification strategy has been demonstrated for detection of single-digit foodborne pathogens with the naked eye. In the present design, CNTs are used as carriers for loading numerous horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and concanavalin A (ConA) tags, and multiple cycle signal amplification is achieved through the biotinylated anti-HRP antibody and ...

results pcslab is a weak promoter responding to come and its binding appears to be negative cooperative. although pcslab is partially controlled by comcde, it can respond to comcde regulation. supported by the obtained molecular evidence, cslab acts as a stabilizer of comcde signal on the patterns of its expression. conclusions pcslab is partially controlled by comcde. cslab is a stabilizer of ...