Shoulder pain affects from 16% to 72% of patients after a cerebrovascular accident. Hemiplegic shoulder pain causes considerable distress and reduced activity and can markedly hinder rehabilitation. The aetiology of hemiplegic shoulder pain is probably multifactorial. The ideal management of hemiplegic stroke pain is prevention. For prophylaxis to be effective, it must begin immediately after t...

General health as well as disease- or condition-specific outcome measures have long been used to assess patients with shoulder conditions. Currently, a variety of validated measures is available. Shoulder outcomes measures may be general (eg, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons; Constant; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand), disease-specific (eg, Rotator Cuff Quality of Life, Western ...

SUMMARY Ureterocele is a cystic dilatation of submucosal segment of intravesical ureter. It Usually classified as "simple" and "ectopic" ureterocele. The simple or adult type has less clinical significance. The most common clinical presentation of ureterocele is recurrent urinary tract infection. Although it may present with other features such as: Sepsis, abdominal pain, failure to thrive, n...

PURPOSE We investigated the best position for shoulder retractor strengthening exercise to maximize middle trapezius activity and minimize rhomboid major activity. Although both trapezius and rhomboids are scapular retractors, rhomboids also act as downward rotators of the scapula, which can worsen subacromial impingement. METHODS Twelve healthy participants (age 30 [SD 6] y) with no history ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this prospective study was to identify clinical factors associated with the development of shoulder pain in stroke patients with pronounced arm paresis. METHODS At stroke onset, 485 patients were initially assessed in 2007-2009. Sixty-three patients with pronounced arm paresis completed the study, and 21 of these developed shoulder pain. Clinical findings were recorded f...

BACKGROUND Altered neuromuscular control due to compromised joint position sense may contribute to recurrent shoulder instability. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to examine whether individuals with anterior shoulder instability exhibit larger shoulder position sense errors than those with healthy shoulders in both passive matching and active positioning. DESIGN This was a be...

This paper proposes a shoulder inverse kinematics (IK) technique. Shoulder complex is comprised of the sternum, clavicle, ribs, scapula, humerus, and four joints. The shoulder complex shows specific motion pattern, such as Scapulo humeral rhythm. As a result, if a motion of the shoulder isgenerated without the knowledge of kinesiology, it will be seen as un-natural. The proposed technique gener...

Osteoarthritis (O.A) affects over 50 million Americans. This includes mostly O.A of the shoulder, hip, and knee. Shoulder osteoarthritis (O.A) has been demonstrated in cadaver and radiographic studies to affect up to 33% of patients over the age of 60 [1]. Patients with shoulder O.A have pain, crepitus, decreased ability to place their hand at a desired point in space and loss of motion, severe...

OBJECTIVE In overhead sports such as volleyball, baseball, or tennis shoulder problems are very common. The aim of this study was to identify features which may correlate with shoulder problems in volleyball attackers. METHODS 30 competitive volleyball attackers (mean age 25 years) were included in the study; 15 were suffering from shoulder pain and 15 had no history of shoulder pain. The res...