The process of declaration of municipality is taking place in Nepal at times but not in the regular way and with given regulations. Transformation into a municipality has been regarded as a matter of great pride and reputation in many cases, so was the case of Baglung as well. The proclamation of municipality does not possess any probation period to make any necessary modification. When the peo...

The goal of the present study was quality evaluation of the natural waters in Stara Zagora Region according to two parameters: total iron and zinc. With regard to the investigations conducted during October-December, 2009: the surface waters of Stara Zagora Region, towards the measured zinc and iron concentrations, could be classified as I category; the groundwaters of Stara Zagora Region, towa...

objectives: the awareness of citizens leads to access to their rights. in addition to natural rights (that are noted in many investigations) people have rights that are called social rights. this survey investigates some rights that are related to the responsibilities and missions of urban management. with revising of the notion of active citizenship, citizens need purposive participation. so a...

ii iii CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES v LIST OF FIGURES v ABSTRACT vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii 1. CONTEXT 1 2. INTERNAL MIGRATION AND POPULATION CHANGE REVIEWED 3 2.1 Migration, urbanisation and suburbanisation waves 3 2.1.1 Concentration during the post war period to the 1970s 3 2.1.2 Concentrated dispersion: the 1970s 6 2.1.3 Concentration and dispersion: the 1980s 8 2.2 The interplay of fertility, ...

today,  iran is faced with a considerable amount of old and timeworn textures. based on  the estimates of  the ministry of  housing and urban development, there are more than 50,000 hectares of urban  old texture in iran, that  due to the lack of credits and understanding of quality and characteristics of such regions, the government has faced with several problems in planning and defusing the ...

Introduction: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or Kala-azar is a parasitic disease caused by a protozoan of Leishmania genus and in Iran by Leishmania infantum. Cytokines have a major role in determining progression and severity of clinical manifestations in VL. The role of TGF-β1 in VL has been recognized since 1992. We investigated polymorphism in the TGF-β1 gene, which is a cytokine known to have...

Municipality activities require interoperability both between municipality offices, and government and private sector. Due to the lack of interoperability, traditional municipalities, and governments face serious problems. These are mainly poor quality and high cost of services, and low economical revenues. E-municipality has been proposed for solving these problems. An interoperability infrast...

The present study aims to determine the extent which online learning (or e-learning) motivation during COVID-19 Pandemic for undergraduate students at Shiraz University in Shiraz, Iran. It also plans compare students’ level of learning, based on their gender and field study. For these purposes, researcher adopted a quantitative comparative research design, using questionnaire was developed chec...

municipality, as one of the most important legal entities in the urban management, can play an effective role in providing local public services and administration of some local public affairs. the role of the municipality in urban management is different rangin from full authority to implementation of small affairs. the place and importance of the municipality is determined by the laws and leg...