S U M M A R Y A velocity (Vs) and structure model is derived for the Los Angeles Basin, California based on ambient-noise surface wave and receiver-function analysis, using data from a low-cost, short-duration, dense broad-band survey (LASSIE) deployed across the basin. The shear wave velocities show lateral variations at the Compton-Los Alamitos and the Whittier Faults. The basement beneath th...

Shear wave measurements for the determination of tissue elastic properties have been used in clinical diagnosis and soft tissue assessment. A shear wave propagates as a transverse wave where vibration is perpendicular to the wave propagation direction. Previous transverse shear wave measurements could detect the shear modulus in the lateral region of the force; however, they could not provide t...

SUMMARY Shear wave velocities provide an important constraint on crustal lithology. Limited shear data are available from the ultraslow spreading mid-ocean ridges. We combine observations of both compressional (P) and (S) waves in ocean–bottom seismometer Southwest Indian Ridge to determine P-wave velocity (Vp), S-wave (Vs), Vp/Vs Poisson's ratio variations along ridge at 49°17′E–50°49′E. Simil...

A new two-dimensional approximate Riemann solver has been developed that obtains fluxes on grid faces via wave decomposition. By utilizing information propagating in the velocity-difference directions rather than in the grid-normal directions, this flux function more appropriately interprets and hence more sharply resolves shock and shear waves when they lie oblique to the grid. The model uses ...

We investigate the interaction of a small-amplitude internal gravity wave packet in a rotating fluid with a baroclinic shear flow. Ray equations and three-dimensional direct numerical simulations of the Boussinesq equations are solved for this purpose. The shear flow has a simple structure and depends separately on the vertical and horizontal coordinates. We focus on the situation where the int...

Interaction of internal gravity waves with a horizontal shear flow in the absence of potential vorticity perturbations is investigated making use of closed-form solutions. Localized wave packet trajectories are obtained, the energy growth mechanisms occurring are identified, and the potential role of perturbation growth in wave breaking is assessed. Regarding meridional propagation, the wave pa...

The velocities of shear waves Vs in two soils, a loamy sand and a sandy clay loam, were measured at various matric potentials and confining pressures. We used a combination of Haines apparatus, pressure plate apparatus and a Bishop and Wesley tri-axial cell to obtain a range of saturation and consolidation states. We proposed a single effective stress variable based on a modification to Bishop’...