A new shear strength determination of reinforced concrete (RC) deep beams was proposed by using a statistical approach. The Bayesian–MCMC (Markov Chain Monte Carlo) method introduced to establish prediction model and improve seven existing deterministic models with database 645 experimental data. bias correction terms were described key explanatory identified systematic removal process. Conside...

With the development of advanced manufacturing technologies, importance functionally graded materials is increasing due to their advantages over widely used traditional composites. In this study, a new higher order beam formulation presented by using peridynamics. Both thin and thick beams can be analysed formulation. Moreover, there no need use shear correction factor. Euler-Lagrange equations...

We investigate how the pressure in fluctuating shear flow depends on the shear rate S and on the system size L by studying fluctuating hydrodynamics under shear conditions. We derive anomalous forms of the pressure for two limiting values of the dimensionless parameter lambda=SL(2)/nu, where nu is the kinematic viscosity. In the case lambda << 1, the pressure is not an intensive quantity becaus...

This study was designed to determine if the present USDAARS spray-nozzle models, which were based on spray solutions of water plus non-ionic surfactant, could be used to estimate spray droplet-size data for different spray formulations through use of experimentally determined correction factors. Twelve spray-solution treatments were evaluated, ten of which contained a formulated glyphosate prod...

Hemodynamic forces modulate various endothelial cell functions under gene regulation. Previously, we have shown that fibrinolytic activity of endothelial cells is enhanced by the synergistic effects of shear stress and cytokines. In this study, we investigated the effect of shear stress on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a–induced tissue factor (TF) expression in cultured human umbilical vein endot...

OBJECTIVE Atherosclerosis develops near branches and bends of arteries that are exposed to low shear stress (mechanical drag). These sites are characterized by excessive endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and inflammation that promote lesion initiation. The transcription factor HIF1α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1α) is canonically activated by hypoxia and has a role in plaque neovascularization. ...

Response modification factor (R factor) is one of the seismic design parameters to be considered in evaluating the performance of buildings during strong motions. This paper has tried to evaluate the response modification factor of concrete coupled shear wall structures with various length/depth ratios of spandrel beams. The effect of diagonal reinforcement of spandrel beam was also evaluated o...

It is usually assumed that the ellipticity power spectrum measured in weak lensing observations can be expressed as an integral over the underlying matter power spectrum. This is true at order O(Φ2) in the gravitational potential. We extend the standard calculation, constructing all corrections to order O(Φ4). There are four types of corrections: corrections to the lensing shear due to multiple...

The endothelial lining of blood vessels is constantly exposed to fluid mechanical forces generated by flowing blood. In vitro application of fluid shear stresses to cultured endothelial cells influences the expression of multiple genes, as reflected by changes in their steady-state mRNA levels. We have utilized the B chain of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-B) as a model to investigate the...

A displacement finite element method for analyzing a beam on continuous elastic foundation is presented. A three-dimensional model which accounts for the effects of both the Filonenko-Borodich and Pastemak foundation models in a consistent and complete way is used. A variational principle is introduced with the slope field due to bending only and the displacement field approximated by independe...