Pedestrians adjust both speed and stride length when they navigate difficult situations such as tight corners or dense crowds. They do this with foresight reacting instantly when they encounter the difficulty. This has an impact on the movement of the whole crowd especially at bottlenecks where slower movement and smaller steps can be observed. State-of-the-art pedestrian motion models automati...

This paper is concerned with the optimization of the cutting pattern for the lobes of pumpkin-shaped balloon structures. Pumpkin balloons, currently developed for the NASA Ultra-Long Duration Balloon (ULDB), consist of stiff meridional tendons that constrain a thin plastic film. The present study shows that the maximum stability of pumpkin balloons is reached if their surface area is minimized ...

We consider Cheeger-like shape optimization problems of the form min { |Ω|J(Ω) : Ω ⊂ D } where D is a given bounded domain and α is above the natural scaling. We show the existence of a solution and analyze as J(Ω) the particular cases of the compliance functional C(Ω) and of the first eigenvalue λ1(Ω) of the Dirichlet Laplacian. We prove that optimal sets are open and we obtain some necessary ...

two main goals are being pursued in this paper. first, a brief summary of the structural optimization methods is presented. although most of these methods are general and are used in analysis and design of skeletal as well as continuous structures, discussion is more often directed towards the shape optimization .the second second goal of this paper is to present a new method for sensitivity an...

In the last decade, parameter-free approaches to shape optimization problems have matured a state where they provide versatile tool for complex engineering applications. However, sensitivity distributions obtained from derivatives in this context cannot be directly used as update gradient-based strategies. Instead, an auxiliary problem has solved obtain gradient sensitivity. While several choic...

The shape of an arch dam has of paramount importance in its ultimate behavior and eventually settles all design criteria. Variable curvature arch dams evolved to be economical in shape optimization studies. In Finite Element Analysis, the arch dam geometry is to be modeled very accurately. But the arch dam geometry may be varying in the three dimensions and with irregular boundaries depending o...

In the present work, an integrated method of pole shape design optimization for reduction of torque pulsation components in permanent magnet synchronous motors is developed. A progressive design process is presented to find feasible optimal shapes. This method is applied on the pole shape optimization of two prototype permanent magnet synchronous motors, i.e., 4-poles/6-slots and 4-poles-12slots.

We propose an alternative to the classical post-treatment of the homogenization method for shape optimization. Rather than penalize the material density once the optimal composite shape is obtained (by the homogenization method) in order to produce a workable shape close to the optimal one, we macroscopically project the microstructure of the former through an appropriate procedure that roughly...

Shape derivatives and topological derivatives have been incorporated into level set methods to investigate shape optimization problems. The shape derivative measures the sensitivity of boundary perturbations while the topological derivative measures the sensitivity of creating a small hole in the interior domain. The combination of these two derivatives yields an efficient algorithm which has m...

We consider a general formulation for shape optimization problems involving the eigenvalues of the Laplace operator. Both the cases of Dirichlet and Neumann conditions on the free boundary are studied. We survey the most recent results concerning the existence of optimal domains, and list some conjectures and open problems. Some open problems are supported by efficient numerical computations.