PURPOSE This study is aimed at identifying the relationships between medical school students' academic burnout, empathy, and calling, and determining whether their calling has a mediating effect on the relationship between academic burnout and empathy. METHODS A mixed method study was conducted. One hundred twenty-seven medical students completed a survey. Scales measuring academic burnout, m...

Methods The study is based on observations and data was conducted November 2008. Fifteen patients were included whereas five were stratified as medical patients, five were orthopedic and five were general surgical patients. There were nine male and six female patients with an age range of twenty-seven to ninety-one years. A neutral observer followed the patients with a semi structured observati...

PURPOSE To quantitate in vivo retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival after transient periods of pressure-induced ischemia of the rat retina and after different survival intervals. METHODS In adult rats, RGCs were labeled with fluorogold applied to their main targets in the brain. Seven days later, in several groups of rats, the left retinas were subjected to transient periods of ischemia of 30,...

A literature review of 105 studies on the effects of extended daily working hours was conducted. Potential negative effects of extended working hours are discussed: More accidents on the job; more accidents off the job; reduced duration and quality of sleep due to moonlighting; sleepiness; reduced alertness; fatigue; adverse effects on performance; prolonged toxic exposure; adverse effects on h...

In scheduling literature, the notion of machine non-availability periods is well known, for instance for maintenance. In our case of planning chemical experiments, we have special periods (the week-ends, holidays, vacations) where the chemists are not available. However, human intervention by the chemists is required to handle the starting and termination of the experiments. This gives rise to ...

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We define motivic multiple polylogarithms and prove the double shuffle relations for them. We use this to study the motivic fundamental group π 1 (Gm −μN ), where μN is the group of all N -th roots of unity, and relate the structure of π 1 (Gm − μN ) to the geometry and topology of modular varieties Xm(N) := Γ1(m;N)\GLm(R)/R ∗ + ·Om for m = 1, 2, 3, 4, .... We get new results about the action o...

We give an elementary short proof for a well-known theorem of Guibas and Odlyzko stating that the sets of periods of words are independent of the alphabet size. As a consequence of our constructing proof, we give a linear time algorithm which, given a word, computes a binary one with the same periods. We give also a very short proof for the famous Fine and Wilf's periodicity lemma.