This paper presents the design and analysis two-stage operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) for use in switched-capacitor (SC) circuits. The existing design methods for two-stage OTAs often lead to sub optimal solutions because they decouple inter-related metrics like noise and settling performance. In our approach, the cadence tool is used to analysis the transient response, AC response...

A DFE often consumes a large portion of the receiver power budget due to the fast settling time needed at the DFE summing node where ISI cancellation occurs. In a typical analog current summer (Fig. 12.5.1, top), a dominant RC time-constant is formed by the load resistance and wiring and parasitic capacitances from the input stage, feedback taps, and slicer. The time constant for settling can b...

A burst-mode transmitter achieves 6 ns turn-on time by utilizing a fast frequency settling ring oscillator in digital multiplying delay-locked loop and a rapid on-off biasing scheme for current mode output driver. The resistor tuning-based ring oscillator avoids the use of bias voltages and thereby eliminates the related settling time overhead. The calibrated rapid on-off biasing circuit utiliz...

A new tool for studying the process of carbon nanotube chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis is described. By rotating the substrate in situ during the CVD process, the orientation of floating nanotubes with respect to the substrate is changed by interaction with the gas stream. Nanotubes lying on the surface of the substrate, however, will maintain their relative orientation. As a result d...

The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the ability of four root canal sealers against the more resistive Enterococcus faecalis. E faecalis is a common pathogen which is a causative agent of oral cavities. The bacteriostatic effect was studied against the test organism with AH plus, Endorez, Metaplex and Grossmans sealer in 96 well titre plate. After different settling time (20 min...

relates stream length (L, mi) to drainage-basin area (A, mi). In CG-6 (“Solving Problems,” May 1999), Stokes' Law was used to find the travel time for a dead foraminifer to settle to the abyssal plain. This equation, which relates settling velocity (v) of a small, spherical particle to the densities of the settling particle and fluid (ρs and ρf, respectively), the viscosity of the fluid (μ), an...