In the past, the indications for varicocelectomy are primarily for infertility with abnormal semen parameters, testicular hypotrophy/atrophy in adolescents, and/or pain. The surgical treatment of varicocele for hypogonadism is controversial and debated. Recently, multiple reports in the literature have suggested that varicocele is associated with hypogonadism and varicocele repair can increase ...

PURPOSE Testosterone is essential for the prostate gland's normal growth and development and is also a possible risk factor for prostate cancer. This study's aim was to determine the significance of serum testosterone for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) elevation and prostate cancer prediction in high-risk men. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 120 patients with PSA >10 ng/ml who under...

BACKGROUND The secretion of thyroxin (T4) as the main hormone of thyroid gland is regulated by androgens. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of testosterone and finasteride administration and castration on serum levels of T4 and to show the effect of this regulation on total body weight, weight of testis, and the weight of prostate. METHODS Male adult rats (n = 32) were divided in...

Background: Atrazine (ATR) is herbicide which is known to induce endocrine disruption. According to previous reports, long-time exposure to ATR leads to severe seminiferous tubules degeneration and significant reduction in sperm content. Moreover this chemical exerts its pathological impact partly by inducing oxidative stress. Therefore present study was designed in order to evaluate protective...

Background: The secretion of thyroxine (T4) as the main hormone of thyroid gland is regulated by androgens. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of testosterone and finasteride administration and castration on serum levels of T4 and to show the effect of this regulation on total body weight, weight of testis, and the weight of prostate. Methods: Male adult rats (n = 32) were divided i...

Background: Substance abuse and consequently the use of methadone in Iran are reported at high levels. Drugs alter sexual function by affecting the organs of the body. The aim of this study was to evaluate sexual functioning and serum testosterone levels in opiate addicts, individuals receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT), and healthy men living in the city of Rafsanjan, Iran, in 2016...

physiological mediators of human host such as androgenic hormones interfere pathogenic fungal growth. it has been revealed that the growth of yeasts as well as of dermatophytes is influenced by human androgenic hormones in vitro. in this reason for in vivo condition, the andrgenic hormones level must be measured in patients with dermatophytosis and healthy individuals. to this purpose we measur...