Serological diagnosis of an acute infection can be done by the demonstration of seroconversion and/or agent-specific IgM antibodies in the serum samples. Seroconversion describes 4 fold or more increase in antibody levels of the serum samples which is collected at the acute and convelescent phase (10-15 days intervals) of an infection. As the detection of seroconversion is time-consuming, the a...

Serological screening of couples attending for ART therapy is now common practice. The frequency of such screening is a topic of debate as few publications have addressed this question. Emerging evidence shows that the ART population has similar prevalence of infectious diseases compared with the general EU population. The need to pursue repeat screening is mainly related to the risk of serocon...

BACKGROUND Antiretroviral therapy (ART) and condom use have been proven to reduce the risk of sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among HIV sero-different couples, but its full implementation remains a challenge. This study aims to assess HIV seroconversion rate of HIV-negative spouse and its associated risk factors among HIV sero-different couples in rural China. METHOD...

INTRODUCTION Deployment of rotavirus vaccines has contributed to significant declines in diarrheal morbidity and mortality globally. Unfortunately, vaccine performance in low-middle income countries (LMICs) is generally lower than in developed countries. The cause for this has been associated with several host and maternal factors including poor water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) status, which...

background recommendations to immunize healthcare workers (hcws) against hepatitis b are well known. however, a proportion of individuals do not respond to the primary standard three-dose hb vaccination schedule. conclusions both the single- and double-dose hb vaccines were adequately immunogenic, and the double-dose hb vaccine was not significantly more immunogenic than the single-dose vaccine...

INTRODUCTION Live attenuated oral vaccines against rotavirus (RV) have been shown to be less efficacious in children from developing countries. Reasons for this disparity are not fully understood. We assessed the role of maternal factors including breast milk RV-specific IgA, transplacentally acquired infant serum RV-specific IgG and maternal HIV status in seroconversion among Zambian infants r...

BACKGROUND Despite improvement in hepatitis B infection prevention through national vaccination programs, implementation of compulsory and thorough blood donor screening, and reduction of transfusion numbers due to erythropoietin administration,hepatitis B remains a major concern in hemodialysis (HD) centers [1]. Compared to aresponse rate of over 90% in the normal population, only 50 to 60% of...

background: hepatitis- b infection is one of the infectious diseases that transmits via blood transfiosion, blood product, injection, mother to fetus and sexual contact. protective anti hepatitis-b titer are observed in more than 90% of healthy children. the aim of this study was to evaluate seroconversion rates in children who received routine vaccination program. methods: a cross sectional st...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronic infection represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While traditional intramuscular (IM) HBV vaccination is an excellent method for robust and sustained seroconversion in healthy individuals, its efficacy in chronic liver disease is sub-optimal and scant data exists in the post-liver transplant state. Importantly, HBV complications are ...