Up propagation is an algorithm for inverting and learning neural network generative models Sensory input is processed by inverting a model that generates patterns from hidden variables using top down connections The inversion process is iterative utilizing a negative feedback loop that depends on an error signal propagated by bottom up connections The error signal is also used to learn the gene...

In African mormyrid fishes, evolutionary change in a sensory region of the brain established an ability to detect subtle variation in electric communication signals. In one lineage, this newfound perceptual ability triggered a dramatic increase in the rates of signal evolution and species diversification. This particular neural innovation is just one in a series of nested evolutionary novelties...

Self-localization requires that information from several sensory modalities and knowledge domains be integrated in order to identify an environment and determine current location and heading. This integration occurs by the convergence of highly processed sensory information onto neural systems in entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. Entorhinal neurons combine angular and linear self-motion inform...

Chemotaxis is vital cellular movement in response to environmental chemicals. Unlike the canonical chemotactic pathway in Escherichia coli, Rhodobacter sphaeroides has both transmembrane and cytoplasmic sensory clusters, with the latter possibly interacting with essential components in the electron transport system. However, the effect of the cytoplasmic sensor and the mechanism of signal integ...

Noise was traditionally regarded as a nuisance, which should be minimized if possible. However, recent research has shown that addition of an appropriate amount of noise can actually improve signal detection in a nonlinear system, an effect called stochastic resonance. While stochastic resonance has been described in a variety of physical and biological systems, its functional significance in h...

Speech comprehension involves recovering a speaker’s intended meaning from the speech sounds that they produce. While sensory-driven components of this process have been widely investigated, impact content (i.e., linguistic information) on sensory processing is much less understood. Here we summarize growing body research demonstrating neural influenced by morpheme- and word-level statistical p...

In the brain, both neural processing dynamics as well as the perceptual interpretation of a stimulus can depend on sensory history. The underlying principle is a sensory adaptation to the statistics of the input collected over a certain amount of time, allowing the system to tune its detectors, e.g. by improving the sampling of the input space. Here we show how a generative formulation for the ...

Introduction The development of algorithms for the detection and evaluation swallowing processes using a combined EMG bioimpedance signal (RehaIngest ©, Hasomed, Magdeburg) makes it possible to change process sensory stimuli. As part pilot study, influence visual or electrical stimuli on floor mouth effect combination both were analyzed in healthy subjects.

A new generation of multimodal interfaces and interactions is emerging. Drawing on the principles Sensory Substitution Augmentation Devices (SSADs), these offer potential for rich, immersive human-computer interactions, but are difficult to design well, take time master, creating significant barriers towards wider adoption. Following a review literature surrounding existing SSADs, their metrics...

Minqing Rong1,2, Wei He1,2, Keiko Yasumatsu3, Zaza Kokrashvili1, Cristian A. Perez1, Bedrich Mosinger1, Yuzo Ninomiya3, Robert F. Margolskee1,2 and Sami Damak1,4 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA,2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1 Gu...