Flexible control of behavior based on the relevant environmental context is a fundamental component of adaptive behavior. The capability to rapidly switch between different sensorimotor mappings to achieve the current goal is called executive control, and is predominantly studied in primates. To probe fast executive control using the tools available in rodents, we developed a novel rat behavior...

Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide. It leads to a sudden and overwhelming disruption in one's physical body, and alters the stroke survivors' sense of self. Long-term recovery requires that bodily perception, social participation and sense of self are restored; this is challenging to achieve, particularly with a single intervention. However, rhythmic synchronization of movement t...

One hundred fifty-two institutionalized persons with late-stage dementia were rated with a geriatric developmental screening scale that notes cognitive, language, sensorimotor, and self-care abilities. The results showed that the loss of functional abilities in late-stage dementias seems to occur in reverse order of their development in childhood. Developmental congruence was noted within these...

A holistic approach to pragmatic ability and disability is outlined which takes account both of the behaviour of individuals involved in the communicative process, and also of the underlying factors which contribute to such behaviour. Rather than being seen as resulting directly from a dysfunction in some kind of discrete pragmatic ‘module’ or behavioural mechanism, pragmatic impairment and als...

In a recent study, Wang et al. (J Neurophysiol 113: 1989-2001, 2015) used a precision grip force control task to unveil the contribution of feedforward and feedback mechanisms to sensorimotor dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Impairment of both motor control mechanisms was observed, along with significant variability in the motor response. In this Neuro Forum article we discuss the...

Background and Purpose: The present report details the acute history and functional recovery of a patient with a rare ischemic infarction of the posterior spinal artery affecting the right posterior column and descending lateral motor tracts in the uppermost cervical spinal cord. Summary of Case: The patient presented with significant unilateral sensory ataxia and hemiparesis. We monitored the ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The underlying changes in the neuronal connectivity adjacent to brain tumors cannot always be depicted by conventional MR imaging. The hypothesis of this study was that preoperative sensorimotor deficits are associated with impairment in pyramidal fiber bundles. Hence, we investigated the potential of combined quantitative diffusion tensor (DT) fiber tracking and MR spect...

objectives: the prevalence of consanguineous marriage is about 30 % in iran and this can increase the probability of incidence of genetic impairments such as hearing impairments. hearing impairment in comparison with other hereditary disorders is the most incident. the purpose of this survey is to identify the prevalence of consanguinity among the parents of sensoryneural hearing impaired stude...

Effects of environmental factors may be transmitted to the following generation, and cause neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder in offspring. Enhanced synaptic plasticity induced by enrichment also transmitted. We here test hypothesis that effects brain injury pregnant animals produce neurological deficits Unilateral (UBI) ablation hindlimb sen...

Chronic stroke patients with heterogeneous lesions, but no direct damage to the primary sensorimotor cortex, are capable of longitudinally acquiring the ability to modulate sensorimotor rhythms using grasping imagery of the affected hand. Volitional modulation of neural activity can be used to drive grasping functions of the paralyzed hand through a brain-computer interface. The neural substrat...