Numerical similarity measures are used to de­ scribe the relative ranks of the similarity of ob­ jects or cases in many artificial intelligent systems. These measures are usually absolute and context­ independent. On the other hand, humans perceive context-dependent similarity. That is, the ranking of similarity between pairs of objects is varying under a changing context. We consider this prob...

This study investigates context effects in general and the compromise effect in particular. It is argued that earlier research in this area lacks realism, a shortcoming that is a major drawback to research conclusions and stated management implications. The importance of this issue is stressed by previous research showing that behavioral anomalies found in hypothetical experimental settings ten...

We present an empirical evaluation of three contextsensitive slicing algorithms and five context-sensitive chopping algorithms, and compare them to context-insensitive methods. Besides the algorithms by Reps et al. and Agrawal we investigate six new algorithms based on variations of klimited call strings and approximative chopping based on summary information. It turns out that chopping based o...

In this paper, we describe a temporal model for event-related potentials (ERP) in the context of statistical parametric mapping (SPM). In brief, we project channel data onto a two-dimensional scalp surface or into three-dimensional brain space using some appropriate inverse solution. We then treat the spatiotemporal data in a mass-univariate fashion. This implicitly factorises the model into sp...

Many useful planning tasks are handled by plan execution tools, such as PRS, that expand procedure definitions and keep track of several interacting goals and tasks. Learning by instruction is a promising approach to help users modify the definitions of the procedures. However, the impact of the set of possible instructions on the performance of such systems is not well understood. We develop a...

We live in an era when a remarkable number of new information and other technologies are successfully bypassing the main obstacle to technological advance: technology support network (TSN). Technology support net, when fully established and fixed, erects significant barriers to innovation. Innovation is not free and autonomous process of applied creativity, but is technically, economically and ...

In this paper we describe the architectural and functional characteristics of Bus Catcher, a context sensitive prototype system for public transportation users. Bus Catcher assists mobile users in planning their bus rides by providing timely and accurate information about current bus locations and estimated arrival times. A complete report on the implementation together with a preliminary evalu...

Reo is a coordination model based on circuit-like connectors which coordinate components through the interplay of data flow, synchronisation and mutual exclusion, state, and context-dependent behaviour. This paper proposes a scheme based on connector colouring for determining the behaviour of a Reo connector by resolving its context dependent synchronisation and mutual exclusion constraints. Co...

We have observed spontaneous symmetry breaking of the population of Brownian particles between two moving potentials in the spatiotemporally symmetric system. Cold atoms preferentially occupy one of the dynamic double-well potentials, produced in the parametrically driven dissipative magneto-optical trap far from equilibrium, above a critical number of atoms. We find that the population asymmet...

ADAPT (Adaptive Dynamics and Active Perception for Thought) is a cognitive architecture specifically designed for robotics. The ADAPT architecture is in the initial state of development. ADAPT manipulates a hierarchy of perceptual and planning schemas that include explicit temporal information and that can be executed in parallel. Perception is active, which means that all perceptual processing...