Introduction It is well recognized that pain may be provoked by the stimulation of many deep-lying somatic structures, such as muscle, tendon, periosteum, etc. (Lewis, 1942). It was noted by Lewis (1938) that the quality of this pain is independent of the method of stimulation adopted, and that it differs markedly from the quality of the pain which can be aroused from skin. In consequence he su...

BACKGROUND Electric and thermal tests are the most commonly employed methods for the diagnosis of pulp health status. The objectives of our study are to assess the validity, yield and accuracy of cold and electric pulp tests in determining the vitality of teeth requiring endodontic treatment. METHODS A cross sectional study was carried out at the Dental Clinic of Aga Khan University Hospital ...

The term Indian diaspora refers to the overseas Indians officially known as Non- Resident (NRIs) or Persons of Origin (PIOs) people India by birth descendants from subcontinents, living outside Republic. Overseas are concerned ethnic groups associated with sensibility, ethnicity, nationality, citizenship having other co-relation life style abroad overseas. conceptual analyses on migration have ...

BACKGROUND Although cervical pain is widespread, most victims are only mildly and occasionally affected. A minority, however, suffer chronic pain and/or functional impairments. Although there is abundant literature regarding nontraumatic neck pain, little focuses on diagnostic criteria. During the last decade, research on neck pain has been designed to evaluate underlying pathophysiological mec...