small area estimation is a technique used to estimate parameters of subpopulations with small sample sizes.  small area estimation is needed  in obtaining information on a small area, such as sub-district or village.  generally, in some cases, small area estimation uses parametric modeling.  but in fact, a lot of models have no linear relationship between the small area average and the covariat...

let $r$ be an arbitrary ring and $t$ be a submodule of an $r$-module $m$. a submodule $n$ of $m$ is called $t$-small in $m$ provided for each submodule $x$ of $m$, $tsubseteq x+n$ implies that $tsubseteq x$. we study this mentioned notion which is a generalization of the small submodules and we obtain some related results.

In the current paper, consider the fuzzy normed linear space $(X,N)$ which is defined by Bag and Samanta. First, we construct a new fuzzy topology on this space and show that these spaces are Hausdorff locally convex fuzzy topological vector space. Some necessary and sufficient conditions are established to illustrate that the presented fuzzy topology is equivalent to two previously studied fuz...

Although the process of establishing a memory of a location is necessary for navigation, relatively little is known about the information that humans use when forming place memories. We examined the relative importance of distance and angular information about landmarks in place learning. Participants repeatedly learned a target location in relation to three distinct landmarks in an immersive c...

This article studies the influence of product groupings on consumer preferences. Specifically, it is proposed that when each product in two groups has an equal chance of a gain, consumers prefer to choose from a group that appears more contagious (e.g., products arranged close together, similarly, or symmetrically). However, when each product in two groups has an equal chance of a loss, consume...

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