This study was conducted to determine the concentrations of Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the commonly used cosmetic products such as eyeshadows, eyeliners, and skin whitening creams in markets of Sanandaj city, Iran in 2014. In this study, 60 samples comprising of three different types of eyeshadows, eyeliners, and skin whitening creams were purchased randomly from different cosmetic s...

a comprehensive study on the chemical composition of rainwater was carried out in obuasi, a gold mining town in ghana. rainwater samples were analyzed for major ions (ca2+,mg2+, k+, na+, nh4+, cl-, no3- and so4 2-) and trace metals (fe, al, zn, pb, cr, and cd). the rainwater was typically acidic with a mean ph of 4.76±0.47, which ranged from 4.0 to 5.6. the low ph found in the water suggests t...

the rock masses in a construction site of underground cavern are generally not continuous, due to the presence of discontinuities, such as bedding, joints, faults, and fractures. the performance of an underground cavern is principally ruled by the mechanical behaviors of the discontinuities in the vicinity of the cavern. during underground excavation, many surrounding rock failures have close r...

a combined electrodeposition-etaas technique has been applied to the analysis of pb, cd, co, ni, cr and mn in biological samples in order to overcome interferences and to minimize sample pretreatment. it requires minimal sample preparation with the electrolysis process aiding partial decomposition of the organic matrix, adequate for the release and deposition of trace elements. in an initial el...

the fouling barnacle amphibalanus improvisus is a cosmopolitan biomonitor of trace metal bioavailability in coastal waters of reduced salinity such as estuaries or the baltic sea. bioavailability of ag, as, cd, co, cr, cu, fe, mn, ni, pb, v and zn to a. improvisus was investigated in july 2014 at 15 sites along the iranian coast of the understudied, yet biologically unique, caspian sea. in gene...

background and aims: giardia lamblia infection is a common cause of food and water-borne diarrhea in non-sanitary communities. infections are common in children, particularly in child-care centers, backpackers, travelers, and homosexuals. zinc is necessary for the immune system functions. zinc deficiency is associated with acute diarrhea. copper is essential for the production of red blood cell...

background and objective: serum creatinine is the most used endogenous marker of glomerular filtration rate (gfr), but it also has multiple limitations. therefore, some surrogate gfr markers, such as beta trace protein, have been introduced for gfr estimation. the aim of our study was to estimate gfr by serum beta trace protein using three available equations and compare them to dtpa gfr as the...