Individuals differ in innumerable ways, some adaptive, some maladaptive, and some neutral. Personality theories, we argue, can profit from distinguishing among these importantly different types of individual variation. This article outlines a taxonomy of origins of individual differences—environmental sources of adaptive differences (e.g., early environmental calibration), heritable sources of ...

The common perspective of nearly all “self-*” approaches is that of considering human beings as “non-self” from the information system perspective (Figure 1-a). Indeed, one of the very common goals of all approaches is to move humans out-of-the-loop, by making information systems able to perform in an autonomous way all that kind of (costly and often too complex to bear) human activity related ...

People are full of plans, goals, hopes, and fears-future-oriented thoughts that constitute a significant part of the self-concept. But are representations of others similarly future oriented? Studies 1a and 1b demonstrate that the future is seen as a larger component of the self than of another person. Study 2 found that because self-identity is tied to an unrealized future, the self is thought...

The authors review Eastern and Western conceptions of spirituality, explicate the spirituality construct and differentiate it from religiosity, propose strategies for achieving ecumenicity and transcultural applicability, and suggest innovative techniques for measuring spirituality and spiritual emptiness. The essential attributes of ecumenical spirituality are that it (a) is concerned with exi...

Varga (2012) argues that the sense of reality disrupted in various psychopathologies, including derealization (DR) and depersonalization (DP), is pre-intentional (or in some sense, the product of a more basic, operative intentionality that is pre-predicative). This moves us away from the more dominant conceptions of delusion and the loss of sense of reality as problems best explained in terms o...

Discussions about aboriginal-non-aboriginal relations in Canada have stressed the need to recognize “aboriginal customary law” in self-government arrangements. It is maintained that many aspects of “native law” differ radically from the legal systems that emerged in European countries, and so imposing Canadian conceptions of law on aboriginal communities is an obstacle to native self-determinat...

This article attempts to study the relationship between cultural capital of the youth with their individual and collective social identities and to scrutinize the correlation between cultural capital and different types of identity. For studying these two constructs (cultural capital and individual and collective identities) Bourdieu, Jenkins and Giddens theories were consulted and for measurin...

Abstract Although Benjamin Schnieder’s theory of the “ordinary conception” properties successfully handles paradoxical properties—particularly, property non-self-instantiation—it fails to account for ordinary, non-pathological cases. The allows inference ‘a has being F’ only given F(a) and prior assertibility ‘the F can exist’. While this us block an a contradiction, it also blocks all instance...

OBJECTIVE To describe ecological farmers' conceptions of healthy eating. METHODS Study with a qualitative approach. In January and February 2007, supported by a guide, in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 women and one man who were living in an agricultural community in Rio Branco do Sul, Southern Brazil. The interviewees were selected randomly from among the 20 ecological farming famil...