We derive explicit formulas for the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Discrete Laplacian on a rectangular grid for the standard finite difference and finite element methods in 1D, 2D, and 3D. Periodic, Dirichlet, Neumann, and mixed boundary conditions are all considered. We show how the higher dimensional operators can be written as sums of tensor products of one dimensional operators, and th...

Let G be a connected graph with n vertices and m edges. The Laplacian eigenvalues are denoted by μ1(G) ≥ μ2(G) ≥ ·· · ≥ μn−1(G) > μn(G) = 0. The Laplacian eigenvalues have important applications in theoretical chemistry. We present upper bounds for μ1(G)+ · · ·+μk(G) and lower bounds for μn−1(G)+ · · ·+μn−k(G) in terms of n and m, where 1 ≤ k ≤ n−2, and characterize the extremal cases. We also ...