BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Our goal is to obtain insight into the causes of the pathological lesions in Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is thought that the beta-amyloid (Abeta) deposits within the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of AD brains are initiated by a 'bad seed' of oligomeric Abeta. The origin of this seed is unknown. Here, we focused on the events that might trigger the formation of neurit...

Botanical fruits derive from ovaries and their most important function is to favor seed dispersal. Fleshy fruits do so by attracting frugivorous animals that disperse seeds together with their own excrements (endozoochory). Gymnosperms make seeds but have no ovaries to be transformed into fruits. Many species surround their seeds with fleshy structures and use endozoochory to disperse them. Suc...

Contents 1. Introduction 2. The unique character of forestry planting stock 2.1 Nursery-cultured planting stock 2.2 Wildings 3. The role of forest nurseries in forest management 4. Does the nursery affect the planting stock? 5. Types of nurseries 5.1 Bareroot nurseries 5.2 Container nurseries 5.3 A combination of container and bareroot nursery culture 6. Establishing a new nursery 6.1 Economic ...

Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata] is an important grain legume globally, providing a high-quality plant protein source largely produced and consumed in South and East Asia. This study aimed to characterize a mungbean diversity panel consisting of 466 cultivated accessions and demonstrate its utility by conducting a pilot genome-wide association study of seed coat color. In a...

Tylosema esculentum (marama) beans and tubers are used as food, and traditional medicine against diarrhoea in Southern Africa. Rotaviruses (RVs) are a major cause of diarrhoea among infants, young children, immunocompromised people, and domesticated animals. Our work is first to determine anti-RV activity of marama bean and tuber ethanol and water extracts; in this case on intestinal enterocyte...

The origin of intergalactic magnetic fields is still a mystery and several scenarios have been proposed so far: among them, primordial phase transitions, structure formation shocks and galactic outflows. In this work we investigate how efficiently galactic winds can provide an intense and widespread “seed” magnetisation. This may be used to explain the magnetic fields observed today in clusters...

Fractal viscous fingering patterns are observed in an infinite Hele-Shaw cell at long times when the capillary forces become negligible. On the contrary, growth of monocrystals from a punctual seed shows dendrites growing independently in 4 or 6 directions, according to the crystal symmetry. A close comparison of numerical and experimental data explains first the origin of the tip-splitting ins...

The origin of the magnetic field in galaxies is an open question in astrophysics. Several mechanisms have been proposed related, in general, to the generation of small seed fields amplified by a dynamo mechanism. In general, these mechanisms have difficulty in satisfying both the requirements of a sufficiently high strength for the magnetic field and the necessary large coherent scales. We show...

Genomic imprinting causes the expression of an allele depending on its parental origin. In plants, most imprinted genes have been identified in Arabidopsis endosperm, a transient structure consumed by the embryo during seed formation. We identified imprinted genes in rice seed where both the endosperm and embryo are present at seed maturity. RNA was extracted from embryos and endosperm of seeds...

the genus hyoscyamus belongs to the tribe hyoscyameae miers of solanaceae family. variation in protein bands elaborates the relationship among the collections from various geographical regions. in this study the seed storage protein diversity of 19 accessions of hyoscyamus (h. niger, h. reticulatus and  h. pusillus) from west azerbaijan (iran) was investigated according to the sodium dodecyl su...