Reduction in energy consumption has become a global concern, and the EU is committed to reducing its overall emissions to at least 20% below 1990 levels by 2020. In the transport sector measures are focused on planning, infrastructure, modal change, the renewal of vehicles and also programmes for efficient driving. In metro lines equipped with ATO systems, the ATO speed profiles are designed to...

We consider the problem of drawing a set of simple paths along the edges of an embedded underlying graph G = (V,E) so that the total number of crossings among pairs of paths is minimized. This problem arises when drawing metro maps, where the embedding of G depicts the structure of the underlying network, the nodes of G correspond to train stations, an edge connecting two nodes implies that the...

D. Yamamoto, A. Tandoc, III, E. Mercado, F. Quicho, S. Lupisan, M. Obata-Saito, M. Okamoto, A. Suzuki, R. Tamaki, L. Sombrero, R. Olveda and H. Oshitani 1) Tohoku-RITM Collaborating Research Center for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Metro Manila, Philippines, 2) Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan, 3) Research Institute for Tropical...

This paper presents a BIM-based Risk Identification Expert System (B-RIES) for metro construction, composed of three main built-in subsystems: BIM extraction, knowledge base management, and risk identification subsystems. The engineering parameter information related to risk factors is extracted from the BIM of a specific project where the IFC standard plays a bridge role between the BIM data a...

Non-metro Missouri has observed a net in-migration in the last decennial period and great part of these immigrants are Latinos. The literature contends that Latinos are being pulled into the rural areas by large agricultural operations and pushed out of urban areas by harsh “context of reception” immigration laws, and low job availability. A livelihood framework factors explaining vulnerabiliti...

Hydrogel-based bioadhesives have emerged as alternatives for sutureless wound closure, since they can mimic the composition and physicochemical properties of the extracellular matrix. However, they are often associated with poor mechanical properties, low adhesion to native tissues, and lack of antimicrobial properties. Herein, a new sprayable, elastic, and biocompatible composite hydrogel, wit...

BACKGROUND Demonstrating the equivalency between the traditional metro-based clerkships within close proximity to the academic health center and the nontraditional rural preceptorships is important. The University of Minnesota has had a 9-month longitudinal rural elective for third-year medical students for 40 years, the Rural Physician Associate Program (RPAP). In the metro area, traditional s...

Future bimodal fiber-wireless (FiWi) access-metro networks may deploy both radio-over-fiber (RoF) and radio-andfiber (R&F) technologies. RoF networks are rapidly becoming mature, but they fall short of interworking with distributed wireless MAC protocols such as DCF in widely deployed IEEE 802.11 WLANs. While R&F networks are able to avoid this limitation by means of protocol translation at the...

The travel patterns of senior citizens in Seoul were analyzed using Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) data. The focus was specifically on mode choices and transfer patterns. The results showed that 99% of trips made by senior citizens (individuals over 65 years old), who were given free subway transit passes, consisted of single-mode trips. The average travel time was 31 minutes, and subway trave...