Vehicle occupants are exposed to low frequency vibrations with possible harmful effects such as mild discomfort, lower back pain, and even injury to the spine. Occupational drivers and operators of heavy machinery are exposed to significantly longer duration and higher levels of vibration. Thus, the modeling and prediction of biodynamic response of seated occupants to such vibrations is very im...

The compulsory use of seat belts for drivers and front seat passengers was introduced to the United Kingdom in 1983. In 1991 legislation was extended to include rear seat adult passengers in cars where a seat belt was fitted. This protects rear seat passengers from ejection from the vehicle, and prevents them from becoming a hazardous projectile to front seat passengers in the event of a collis...

BACKGROUND Many children 4 to 9 years old are inappropriately restrained in vehicles and are at risk for injury in crashes. OBJECTIVES This study was undertaken to determine the rate of booster seat use and the reasons for nonuse. METHODS Observations were conducted at a random sample of day care centers, and drivers of unrestrained children 4 to 8 years old were interviewed to determine th...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether state booster seat laws were associated with decreased fatality rates in children 4 to 7 years of age in the United States. METHODS Retrospective, longitudinal analysis of all motor vehicle occupant crashes involving children 4 to 7 years of age identified in the Fatality Analysis Reporting System from January 1999 through December 2009. The main outcome measure...

Dynamic interaction between a human body and the seat cushion was addressed, aiming at seat design for better NVH performance of a passenger vehicle. Referring to DIN EN ISO 3386-1 and previously researches, static and dynamic tests were conducted on polyurethane foams typically used as vehicle seat cushions. A one-dimensional stress strain relation was derived based on the measured data, in wh...

Comfort is an attribute that today’s drivers demand more and more. Seat is one of the important features of vehicle and there is the place where the professional driver spends most of their time. According to ‘European Union Legislation for Drivers and Promote’, the weekly driving time for truck drivers shall not exceed 56 hours. Assuming eight week vacation and one more for holiday, the truck ...

The seat of a construction machinery cab is used as the research object. For current human-seat coupling system comfort methods and optimization index deficiencies, body pressure vibration at same time optimized. Based on more specialized Toyota 50 percentile dummy model, finite element simulation model established, distribution response are simulated calculated. transverse longitudinal distrib...

Air travel has become the preferred mode of long-distance transportation for most of the world’s travelers. People of every age group and health status are travelling by airplane and thus the airplane has become part of our environment, in which passengers could benefit from assistive support. In this regard, the European research project SEAT has investigated sensor technologies to provide ass...

child safety seat mishandle is still a concern. to prevent serious injuries and death from automotive accidents, correct use of car seats for small children is essential. failure to use a car seat properly can contribute to serious injury or death of a child. recent studies have shown that child safety seats can tolerate the impact of a minor crash without affecting their future performance. fa...

PROBLEM Motor vehicle crashes kill more adolescents in the United States than any other cause, and often the teen is not wearing a seat belt. METHODS Using data from the 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys from 38 states, we examined teens' self-reported seat belt use while riding as a passenger and identified individual characteristics and environmental factors associated with always wearing a ...