this experiment was conducted to study the effect of nozzle types and the time of herbicide incorporation in soil on weed control, using split plot design by randomized block design. the main plots were soil and herbicide mixing time and the subplots were nozzle types with three replications. this study was performed in karaj station of seed and plant improvement institute, located 25 km west o...

A vacuum microplasma spray system, operating on gross power levels of 1-3 kW, with powder feed rates below 1 g/min and using plasma gas mixtures of argon and hydrogen, was built and tested. In order to improve the deposition efficiency and quality of coatings, the system was analyzed and the matter of particle entrainment into the plasma jet core was identified as a critical sub-process. Partic...

PURPOSE To assess the effectiveness of a pilot integrated pest management (IPM) program in controlling cockroaches in an apartment complex, without pesticide sprays. METHODS A brief educational session and booklet were provided to tenants. Non-spray pest control methods were promoted. A telephone questionnaire was administered at pre- and post-test to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices...

Introduction The possibility of application of electric probes for diagnostics of thermal plasma jets is limited, especially due to the interaction of the probe with plasma. Nevertheless, some important information can be obtained. Electric probes were used for measurement of plasma potential in arc plasma [Chapman and Jones, 1978; Hrabovský and Konrad, 1991; Popov and Gateval, 2001], and for d...

BACKGROUND Although many malaria control programmes in sub-Saharan Africa use indoor residual spraying with long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), the two studies assessing the benefit of the combination of these two interventions gave conflicting results. We aimed to assess whether the addition of indoor residual spraying to LLINs provided a significantly different level of protection against...

Background & Aim: Tetranychus urticae Koch is one of the most important pests of crops, ornamental and greenhouse plants in the world and, can damage to 900 plant species. Resistances to pesticides and acaricides have guided researches to introduce new methods to control T. urticae. Botanical pesticides are an important group of natural productions that are usually safer than ...

This Chagas disease prevention project via housing improvement aims to determine the efficiencyof different interventions in vector control. The following study describes the target communities, disease magnitude, and housing improvements. Transmission levels are analysed from an ecological and socioeconomic perspective. Special interest was focused on the peridomicile as the origin of domicili...

Spraying techniques have been undergoing continuous evolution in recent decades. This paper presents part of the research work carried out in Spain in the field of sensors for characterizing vineyard canopies and monitoring spray drift in order to improve vineyard spraying and make it more sustainable. Some methods and geostatistical procedures for mapping vineyard parameters are proposed, and ...