Growing concerns about the global warming impact of refrigerants used in HVAC&R equipment are driving development and evaluation of alternative refrigerants with lower global warming potentials (GWPs). The Air Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) recently coordinated the Low-GWP Alternative Refrigerant Evaluation Program (AREP) in which commercial, university, and governmen...

multiple coupled circuit modeling of squirrel-cage induction motors, or winding function approach is the most detailed and complete analytical model used to analyze the performance of the faulty induction motors. this paper extends the above-mentioned model to a saturable model including variable degrees of the saturation effects using an appropriate air gap function and novel techniques for lo...

This paper demonstrates the capabilities of the PFGC-MES equation of state (EOS) for calculating the thermodynamic properties in the superheated region for pure refrigerants. In addition the ability of this EOS is also tested for predicting the VLE behavior of binary mixtures. For pure compounds several properties in the superheated region are predicted. The calculated results and the experimen...

residual gas saturation is one of the most important parameter in determining recovery factor of water-drive gas reservoir. visual observation of processes occurring at the pore level in micromodels can give an insight to fluid displacements at the larger scale and also help the interpretation of production performance at reservoir scale. in this study experimental tests in a glass micromodel w...

The knowledge of the phase equilibrium refrigerant mixtures is crucial for optimization production processes molecules, and design energetic systems (heat pumps, Organic Rankine Cycles, …). In this work, different predictive thermodynamic models (COSMO-RS COSMO-SAC-dsp) have been used to determine behavior refrigerants involving alkanes, fluorinated chlorinated compounds. COSMO-RS model leads r...

Abstract: We investigate a prototype concept of a back-up electricity device where we use liquid formic acid (FA) to produce a mixture of carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) which is used in a PEM fuel cell, Fig. 1. In the fluidized bed reactor the liquid FA is decomposed to a gaseous mixture of CO2 and H2 in the presence of microscopic floating solid catalytic particles. We describe the sys...

The paper presents a study of refrigerants and some issues relating to their environmental impacts in HVAC&R equipment. They are treated aspects of the environmental pollution through the working fluids of the air-conditioning, refrigeration and heat pump systems, and a new strategy in using refrigerants in accordance with the international legislation is described. Additionally, this study pre...

background: the purpose of our study was to evaluate an inexpensive and available method to reduce mucous impactions in mechanically ventilated patients. methods: this randomized clinical trial was conducted on 40 mechanically ventilated patients aged 15-90 years. the patients were randomly allocated into two arms; 20 cases and 20 controls. the cases received n-acetylcysteine via their nebulize...