in an attempt to investigate the relationship of birth rank and family size with the incidence of neurosis in an iranian culture, case notes of 1029 schizophrenic patients as (497 males and 532 females) referred to psychiatric clinic for insured workers were studied. the incidence of neurasis appeared to be significantly more frequent among the first-half position of birth  rders in the familie...

background: caring is the core of nursing and holistic high-quality care is considered as one of the main concerns of nursing managers. evaluation by main care recipients and assessment of their satisfaction with different levels of care is a way to determine and improve the quality of nursing care. the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the quality of nurses’ caring be...

materials and methods this cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 nurses during 2012. the data-gathering instrument consisted of two parts. the first part consisted of questions on demographic information and the second part was the walton’s quality of work life questionnaire. data were analyzed using the spss software. for statistical analysis t test and one way anova were used. results th...

objective: the main aim of the current survey was to evaluate a hypothesized model on subjective quality of life (sqol), and to survey the role of scale anchoring on satisfaction and dissatisfaction ratings. method: the sample consisted of 456 volunteering students who were randomly assigned in to two different conditions, and rated their current overall life (dis)satisfaction and their (dis)sa...

background : health related quality of life (qol) has now been considered as a main tool for outcome measurement in infertility. the present study aimed to determine the association between general and specified qol with different psychological aspects of self-esteem, social support, sexual satisfaction, and marital satisfaction in a sample of iranian infertile couples. method : this cross-sect...

We analyze and compare the impact of tax incentives and of introducing enhanced annuities on annuitization behavior considering heterogeneity among the insured. We find that tax incentives for annuitization result in a significant increase of the portion of people who should annuitize and also an increase of the insurer’s profit since less healthy individuals also annuitize, i.e. adverse select...

Using an interrupted time series design and a census of births in California over a 6-year period, we show that state and federal laws passed in the late 1990s designed to increase the length of postpartum hospital stays reduced considerably the fraction of newborns that were discharged early. The law had little impact on re-admission rates for privately insured, vaginally delivered newborns, b...

We implement an empirical test for selection into health insurance using changes in coverage induced by the introduction of mandated health insurance in Massachusetts. Our test examines changes in the cost of the newly insured relative to those who were insured prior to the reform. We find that counties with larger increases in insurance coverage over the reform period face the smallest increas...

In this essay, we shall make an attempt to account for the frequently observed phenomenon of insurance companies offering discounts to clients who possess a favorable record of past claims. We shall argue that such discounts provide a mechanism which enables both insurer and insured to counteract the inefficiency which arises from moral hazard. Moral hazard is an example of economic interaction...