Documented pollinator declines have encouraged the installation of plantings in residential, commercial and agricultural settings. Pollinator visitation among cultivars coreopsis, salvia asters was compared on 40 dates a 2-year study resulting 6,911 observations across all plant taxa with bees, butterflies syrphids well-represented. Diversity insect visitors represented differently within broad...

Smoking pipes discovered in archaeological contexts demonstrate that Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest North America have practiced smoking for over 4,500 years. Archaeometry and ancient residue metabolomics provide evidence association particular plants with these artifacts. In this article, we synthesize recent research on present current knowledge spatiotemporal distribution past. ...

The Pharmacological Properties of Salvia Essential OilsZhiming Fu, Hang Wang, Xiaofei Hu, Zhaolin Sun, Chunchao Han

this study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant effectiveness of different extracts from aerial parts of six salvia species including salvia ceratophylla, salvia chorassanica, salvia leriifolia, salvia macrosiphon, salvia chloroleuca and salvia virgata. the effect of the extracts against 3 gram positive and 3 gram negative bacteria was tested by the micro dilution metho...

Salvia columbariae extracts were examined for the presence of salvianolic acids by HPLC-MS and NMR. A new salvianolic acid, β-sitosterol lithospermic acid, was found.