Saccharides in water are detected electrically using an extended-gate type organic field effect transistor (OFET) functionalised by a phenylboronic acid monolayer. The response patterns of the monosaccharides are significantly different, suggesting that OFET devices can successfully read out the saccharide recognition behaviour of boronic acids and be potentially applied to healthcare devices m...

4,6-O-Ethylidene-N-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-D-glucopyranosylamine was synthesized and characterized using analytical, spectral and single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The anomeric nature of the saccharide moiety was proposed based on H NMR studies and was confirmed by the crystal structure. The lattice structure of this compound was compared with that of its analogues.

A new strategy for the fabrication of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) analogs was proposed by copolymerizing the sulfonated unit and the glyco unit, 'splitted' from the sulfated saccharide building blocks of GAGs. The synthetic polymers can promote cell proliferation and neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells with the effects even better than those of heparin.

Uridine diphosphate galactose 4-epimerase and phosphomannose isomerase-deficient mutants of Escherichia coli O111:B4 were studied to test the hypothesis that in E. coli a specific relationship exists between O antigenicity, virulence, and capacity to resist phagocytosis. The first mutant, designated J-5, produces a cell wall lipopolysaccharide, the side chains of which do not contain galactose,...

Recent studies have shown that endurance overtraining could result from Abstract successive and cumulative alterations in metabolism, which become chronic during training. The onset of this process is a biochemical alteration in carbohydrate (saccharide) metabolism. During endurance exercises, the amount of saccharide chains from two blood glycoproteins (α2-macroglobulin and α1-acid glycoprotei...

Galectin-1 (Gal1) and galectin-3 (Gal3) are two members of a family of carbohydrate-binding proteins that are found in the nucleus and that participate in pre-mRNA splicing assayed in a cell-free system. When nuclear extracts (NE) of HeLa cells were subjected to adsorption on a fusion protein containing glutathione S-transferase (GST) and Gal3, the general transcription factor II-I (TFII-I) was...

Value-added processing with respect to rice milling has traditionally treated the rice bran layer as a homogenous material that contains significant concentrations of high-value components of interest for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Investigators have shown that high-value components in the rice bran layer vary from differences in kernel-thickness, bran fraction, rice variety...

The selectins initiate many critical interactions among blood cells. The volume of information and diversity of opinions on the nature of the biologically relevant ligands for selectins is remarkable. This review analyzes the matter and suggests the hypothesis that at least some of the specificity may involve recognition of "clustered saccharide patches."